Henry Parkes

Percy Frederick Seaton Spence: A Life in Illustration and Portraiture

• Born: December 14, 1868, Sydney, Australia
• Died: August 3, 1933, Middlesex Hospital, London

Percy Frederick Seaton Spence, known as Percy Spence, was a prominent Australian artist celebrated for his versatility as an illustrator and portraitist. Born in Balmain, Sydney, he was the seventh child of English parents Francis Spence, a civil servant, and Hannah Turnbull. His early years were spent in Fiji where his father held a government position, providing him with unique experiences that would later inform some of his artistic endeavors.

Early Career and Australian Recognition

• Early Work: Spence began his career as an illustrator for several prominent publications including the Sydney Daily Telegraph, Illustrated Sydney News, and The Bulletin.
• Royal Art Society Exhibitions: He actively exhibited at the Royal Art Society, showcasing his developing skills.
• Robert Louis Stevenson Portraits (1893): A significant early achievement was creating two drawings of Robert Louis Stevenson during his visit to Sydney in 1893. One of these drawings is now held by the National Portrait Gallery in London, a testament to Spence’s talent and recognition even at this stage of his career.
• Early Style: His initial work demonstrated a keen eye for detail and an ability to capture character, laying the foundation for his later success as a portraitist.

International Acclaim and British Period

• Marriage and Move to England (1894): Following his marriage to Jessie Wright in 1894, Spence relocated to England, marking a pivotal shift in his career trajectory.
• Illustrations for Prestigious Publications: In England, he found considerable success contributing illustrations to renowned publications such as Punch, Black and White, and The Graphic.
• Royal Academy Exhibitions (1899-1902): Spence’s work gained further recognition with two pictures exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1899, followed by acceptance into the exhibition for three subsequent years.
• Illustrations for Britain's Austral Empire (1901): He contributed illustrations to this significant publication, featuring portraits of leading Australian politicians, solidifying his reputation as a skilled portraitist and chronicler of prominent figures.

Return to Australia and Later Years

• One-Man Show in Sydney (1905): Spence returned to Sydney in 1905 and held a one-man show, demonstrating continued demand for his work within Australia.
• Illustrations for Black's Colour Series: In 1910, he undertook a substantial project illustrating the volume Australia as part of Black’s Colour Series, producing 75 illustrations that showcased Australian landscapes and life.
• Commissioned Painting (1914): He completed a large commissioned painting, "H. M. Australian Fleet arriving at Sydney Heads," which was presented to King George V alongside a portrait of Rear Admiral George Patey.
• Later Life & Death: Spence continued working until his death in 1933 following an eye operation in London.

Legacy and Significance

Percy Frederick Seaton Spence left behind a significant body of work that reflects his versatility as both an illustrator and portraitist. His ability to capture the likenesses of prominent figures, combined with his skill in depicting Australian landscapes and scenes, cemented his place in Australian art history. His illustrations for major British publications brought Australian subjects to a wider international audience. Spence’s legacy is preserved through his works held in various institutions including the National Gallery, Mitchell Library (Sydney), National Portrait Gallery (London), University of Sydney, High Court, and Buckingham Palace.