略歴

  • Also known as:
    • Acharya Hemachandra Suri
    • Hemacandra
    • Acharya Hemachandra
    • हेमचन्द्राचार्य
    • ヘーマチャンドラ
  • Color intensity: balanced
  • Lifespan: 84 years
  • Top-ranked work: Seated Rishabha Enthroned, Folio 1 verso of a Yoga-shastra of Hemachandra
  • Top 3 works:
    • Seated Rishabha Enthroned, Folio 1 verso of a Yoga-shastra of Hemachandra
    • Leaf from a Jain Manuscript: Yoga-shastra: Jain monk with Disciple and Two Laymen, Two Nuns and a Laywoman below (verso)
  • Museums on APS: クリーブランド美術館
  • Died: 1172

The Polymath of Gujarat

Hemachandra was a prolific scholar and monk of the Śvetāmbara school of Jainism. Born in Dhandhuka, India, he was a man of immense intellect, earning the title kalikālasarvajña, meaning "the knower of all knowledge in his times." His vast contributions spanned numerous disciplines, including mathematics, history, philosophy, poetry, and grammar. As a grammarian, he produced the Siddha-Hema-Śabdanuśāśana, a work that included six different languages. He is also recognized as the father of the Gujarati language.

His mathematical insights were profound; he described the Fibonacci sequence around 1150, decades before Fibonacci. He also applied mathematical principles to the study of Sanskrit poetic rhythms, calculating the various patterns possible from short and long syllables.

A Life of Scholarship and Service

Throughout his life, Hemachandra served as an adviser to King Kumārapāla and was a prominent figure in the Chaulukya royal court. His literary output was vast, ranging from the epic poem Triśaṣṭi-śalākā-puruṣacarita, which details the lives of important figures in Jainism, to political treatises like the Arhannīti. He was a master of many forms, including lexicography, prosody, and logic.

Hemachandra's influence extended into the social and religious fabric of the region. His involvement in the construction of the Jain temple at Taranga and his influence on King Kumārapāla contributed to Jainism becoming the official religion of Gujarat. He concluded his life through the practice of sallekhana, a Jaina fast, and died in Patan.

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Hemachandraは、Acharya Hemachandra Suri, Hemacandra, Acharya Hemachandra, हेमचन्द्राचार्य, ヘーマチャンドラという別名でも表記されます。

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アート・クイズ

各質問の正解は1つのみです。

設問 1:
In which Indian state was Hemachandra born?
設問 2:
Which mathematical sequence did Hemachandra describe around 1150, decades before Fibonacci?
設問 3:
What was Hemachandra's birth name?
設問 4:
Which work is a Sanskrit epic poem on the history of important figures in Jainism?
設問 5:
Hemachandra was an adviser to which king?