Why did the Nazis remove Caspar-Filser's paintings from exhibitions in 1937?

Lifespan: 90 years
Copyright status: Under copyright
Also known as: Maria Caspar- Filser maria caspar-filser
Top 3 works: Summer Palatin and Celio Bouquet of Flowers
Color intensity: monochromatic
Top-ranked work: Summer
Museums on APS: Bavarian State Painting Collections

They were considered 'degenerate'

(1878 - 1968) – Paintings, Biography & Famous Works

Life and Artistic Career

Maria Caspar-Filser was a German painter who lived and worked mainly in Munich. Growing up in rural southwestern Germany, she pursued her formal education at the State Academy of Fine Arts Stuttgart and the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich. Her professional journey included significant milestones, such as becoming a member of the Deutscher Künstlerbund in 1909 and being the only woman among the founding members of the Münchener Neue Secession in 1913. In 1925, she achieved the distinction of being the first German woman painter to be awarded the title of professor, a position she held at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich.

Her artistic output primarily focused on flowers, gardens, and landscapes. Throughout her career, she participated in the Venice Biennale in 1928 and again in 1948. Following the rise of the Nazi regime, Caspar-Filser faced persecution; her paintings were labeled "degenerate," her professorship was lost in 1933, and her works were removed from museums and public collections. She eventually relocated to Brannenburg.

Awards and Recognition

In the years following the war, Caspar-Filser received numerous honors, including:

The Prize in Visual Arts of the City of Munich in 1947.
The Upper Swabian Art Prize, awarded jointly with her husband, in 1952.
The Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, becoming the first woman painter to receive this honor in 1959.
The Medal of the City of Paris in 1961.
The Culture Prize of the City of Rosenheim in 1962.