The Plague at Ashdod ( Poussin)

Angelo Caroselli: A Baroque Painter of Rome

Early Life and Background

Angelo Caroselli was born in Rome, Italy, in 1585. Little is known about his early training; sources indicate he did not formally apprentice under a single master, a factor that would later influence the trajectory of his career. This lack of traditional grounding led to an eclectic style and a somewhat precarious professional life.

Artistic Style and Influences

Caroselli operated during the Baroque period, and his work reflects the dynamism and dramatic flair characteristic of that era. He was significantly influenced by two key artistic currents: Caravaggism – the style pioneered by Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, emphasizing strong contrasts of light and shadow (tenebrism) and realistic depictions – and the Bamboccianti, a group of Dutch and Flemish painters in Rome known for their genre scenes depicting everyday life. His style blended these influences, resulting in works that were both dramatic and grounded in reality.

Career and Challenges

Caroselli’s career was marked by instability. Contemporary accounts, particularly those of Giovanni Battista Passeri, describe him as lacking consistent patronage. He traveled to Naples and Piedmont de Liso seeking employment, but his independent nature and perhaps a somewhat questionable reputation hindered his success. A notable incident involved accusations of creating forgeries in the style of established masters, further complicating his professional life.

Personal Life

Caroselli experienced personal loss, being widowed twice. His second marriage connected him to a prominent artistic family; he married Brigitta Lauwers, daughter of the Flemish landscape painter Balthasar Lauwers, becoming brother-in-law to Filippo and Francesco Lauwers. He also trained pupils including Pietro Paolini and his son Carlo Caroselli.

Major Works and Achievements

• Religious Paintings: Caroselli completed significant religious commissions, including a Pieta and depictions of prophets for the chapel to the right of the entrance of Santa Maria in Vallicella.
• Chapel Decorations: He painted three canvases for the chapel to the left of the entrance of Santa Maria Nuova in Campo Vaccino, notably the “Martyrdom of St. Placidus” and “St. Gregory Celebrating Mass before the People.”
• San Gregorio Magno: A canvas depicting "The Massacre of Saints and Martyrs in Japan" adorns the church of San Gregorio Magno.
• Quirinal Palace: He created a painting of St. Wenceslaus for the Quirinal Palace.
• Guardian Angel: Caroselli painted a “Guardian Angel” for the episcopal church in Ferrara.

Historical Significance and Legacy

While not as widely celebrated as some of his Baroque contemporaries, Angelo Caroselli represents an interesting facet of Roman art during the 17th century. His eclectic style and independent spirit set him apart. He demonstrates the diverse artistic currents flowing through Rome at the time and provides insight into the challenges faced by artists operating outside established patronage networks. His pupils continued to spread his influence, ensuring a modest but lasting legacy.