The Late Medieval names to know
If you remember one Late Medieval artist, make it Simone Martini (1284–1344), the name behind Zvěstování a dva svatí and Maestà (Madonna with Angels and Saints). After that come Andrej Rublev, Ambrogio Lorenzetti, Pietro Lorenzetti and Hubert Van Eyck. Our 99 picks go from Yuan Dynasty (born 1271) to Hubert Van Eyck (born 1366), from 22 countries.
How we picked them. We list the artists our catalogue links to Late Medieval, from the most famous down. Artists born after 1955 that we cannot yet check on Wikidata are left out. The Wikipedia number shows in how many of our 32 languages Wikipedia writes about them.
Quick facts
Meet them one by one
1of 99
Italská From Siena Mezinárodní gotika On Wikipedia in 28 of 32 languages
Saint Louis of Toulouse Crowning His Brother Robert of Anjou, 1317. V roce 1333 namaloval Zvěstování svaté Markrétě a svatému Ansanovi, dílo, které je v současnosti uloženo v Galleria degli Uffizi ve Florencii. V roce 1342 dokončil Christ Discovered in the Temple, obraz, který lze dnes spatřit v Walker Art Gallery v Liverpoolu.
Taught Lippo Memmi #10
2of 99
Rus From Moskevské velkoknížectví Ruská ikonomalba On Wikipedia in 31 of 32 languages
Andrej Rublev (cca 1360 – cca 1430) zůstává jednou z nejzáhadnějších a hluboce nejvlivnějších postav v historii ruského umění. V roce 1405 spojil síly s Theofanem a Prokhorem z Gorodce při zdobení katedrály Zvěstování, což byl zásadní moment ruského ikonomalířství. Pravděpodobně jeho nejslavnější dílo, ikona „Trojice“ (cca 1420–1428), je svědectvím o jeho uměleckém géniu.
3of 99
From Siena On Wikipedia in 29 of 32 languages
Ambrogio Lorenzetti, narozený kolem roku 1290 v srdci Sieny v Itálii, se stal klíčovou postavou přechodu od středověkých uměleckých tradic k rozvíjejícímu se renesančnímu myšlení. Ačkoli byl v dobách svých současníků jako Duccio a Simone Martini často zastíněn, a často diskutován spolu se svým bratrem malířem Pietrem Lorenzettim, Ambrogio si vybudoval vlastní jedinečnou cestu – charakteristickou inovativním duchem a hlubokým zapojením do světa kolem sebe.
4of 99
Italská From Siena Raná renesance On Wikipedia in 27 of 32 languages
Pietro Lorenzetti (cca 1280 – 1348) představuje klíčovou postavu sienského malířství, která v sobě nesla znamení hlubokého přechodu od gotického formalismu k rozkvétajícím humanistickým ideálům rané renesance. Narodil se v srdci živé kulturní krajiny Sieny kolem roku 1280 a jeho umělecká cesta se odehrávala během období významných intelektuálních i uměleckých proměn v Toskánsku.
5of 99
Nizmecký From Maaseik Raná nizozemská On Wikipedia in 20 of 32 languages
Narodil se v Maasiku kolem roku 1385 nebo 1390 a byl součástí impozantní umělecké dynastie; jeho rodinné vazby, včetně slavného bratra Jana a sourozenců Lamberta a Margarety, vytvořily krčmu kreativity, která navždy změnila směr evropského malířství. Byl mužem své doby i svého cechu, což dokazuje jeho oficiální vstup do gentského Artisten Gilded v roce 1413, svědectví o jeho profesionálním postavení a integraci do živé, bohaté městské kultury Flanders.
6of 99
Italská From Florencie Raná renesance On Wikipedia in 23 of 32 languages
V pulzující, rozkvétající atmosféře čtrnáctstoleté Florencie, v období definovaném přechodem od středověku k rané renesanci, Taddeo Gaddi vystoupil jako mistr světla, vyprávění a architektonické velkoleposti. Jako jeden z nejvýznamnějších žáků legendáršího Giotta di Bondone nenacházel Gaddi jen dědice určitého stylu; on rozšířil vizuální slovník své éry.
Taught Agnolo Gaddi #7, Jacopo Del Casentino (Jacopo Landino) #51
7of 99
Italiane From Florencie Gothic, Raná Renesance On Wikipedia in 20 of 32 languages
Agnolo Gaddi (c. 1350 – 1396) stands as a singular figure in the artistic panorama of Florence during the fourteenth century—a descendant of Giotto di Bondone whose legacy he skillfully absorbed, transforming it into something uniquely his own.
Learned from Taddeo Gaddi #6
8of 99
Řek From Konstantinopol Byzantine ikonografie On Wikipedia in 22 of 32 languages
Teofánés se narodil v Konstantinopolé kolem roku 1340, a byť je kvůli svým pozdějším aktivitám často spojován s Řeckem, byl klíčovou postavou, která propojila poslední rozkvět byzantského umění s rodícími se tradicí Ruska. Kolem roku 1395 dorazil do Novhorodu, mocného městského státu v Rusku, společně s Andrejem Rublevem, další ikonickou postavou ruského pravoslavného umění.
9of 99
Italská From Benátky Byzantský vliv a gotická umění On Wikipedia in 15 of 32 languages
Paolo Veneziano (cca 1333–1358) představuje monumentální postavu v dějinách benátského umění, uznávanou univerzálně jako nejvýznamnější benátský malíř čtrnáctého století. Narodil se do umělecké linie přímo ve Venedici – jeho otec byl z Když uznávaným umělcem – a Venezianova krátká, lecz brilantní kariéra se střetla s transformativním obdobím evropského malířství.
10of 99
Italský From Siena International Gothic On Wikipedia in 17 of 32 languages
Lippo Memmi, narozený kolem roku 1291 v srdci Sieny, je klíčovou postavou přechodu od byzantsky zakořeněných tradic středověkého malířství k rozvíjející se eleganci mezinárodního gotického stylu. Často diskutován ve vztahu ke svému slavnému švagru a mentorovi Simonovi Martinimu, současný výzkum stále více uznává Memmiho osobitý umělecký hlas a významný přínos 14. století sienskému umění. Ansanem (1333), vytvořené ve spolupráci se Simonem Martinim pro galerii Uffizi.
Learned from Simone Martini #1
11of 99
Italská From Zevio Gotická sztuka On Wikipedia in 20 of 32 languages
Altichiero Da Zevio, narozen kolem roku 1330 poblíž tichého městečka Zevio u Verony, nebyl pouze kronikářem sakrálních událostí, ale průkopníkem viktánské gotické stylů. Tato vazba, pravděpodobně navázaná prostřednictím intimního studia Giottových žáků, jako byl Taddeo Gaddi, umožnila Altichiero Da Zevio vnést do svých děl hluboký pocit objemu, váhy a narativní jasnosti, což bylo pro jeho dobu revoluční.
12of 99
Italská From Arezzo Spojovnice mezi Giottovým stylem a sienskou školou On Wikipedia in 16 of 32 languages
Narodil se v rodině florentinských zlatníků a jeho pravé jméno bylo Spinello Di Luca Spinelli, ale historii přešlo známé přezdívka „Aretino“, což odkazuje na jeho pouto k městu Arezzo. V raných letech pracoval v rušných florentských dílnách, kde přispíval k monumentálním dílům, jako jsou fresky v kostele Carmine a Santa Maria Novella.
Learned from Jacopo Del Casentino (Jacopo Landino) #51 · Taught Lorenzo di Bicci #32
13of 99
Italská From Florencie Raná renesance On Wikipedia in 17 of 32 languages
Bernardo Daddi, narozený ve Florencii kolem roku 1290 a zesnulý v roce 1348, představuje klíčovou postavu přechodu od pozdní gotiky k začínající italské renesanci. Přesné datum Daddiho narození zůstává zahaleno tajemstvím, i když záznamy naznačují, že byl poprvé zmíněn v roce 1312. Široce se věří, že jeho umělecká cesta začala pod vedením Giotta di Bondone, jednoho z nejvlivnějších umělců té doby.
14of 99
Italská From Pontecorvo Gotika
Andrea Pisano (cca 1290 – 1348 Orvieto) představuje monumentální postavu italské renesanční sochařské tvorby, přestože jeho umělecké dědictví je neoddělitelně spjato s předcházející gotickou érou a hluboce ovlivněno revoluční silou Giotta di Bondone. Narodil se v Pontecorvo v regionu Lazio a jeho raný život zůstává částečně zahalen tajemstvím, avšak svou dovednost si nejdříve zdokonaloval jako zlatník, než se kolem roku 1300 zcela zasvětil sochařství pod vedením Mino di Giovanni.
15of 99
Italian From Florence Early Renaissance
Niccolò di Tommaso, a name resonating softly within the annals of fourteenth-century Italian painting, emerged in Florence around 1346. A pivotal collaboration with Nardo di Cione around 1370 proved transformative.
16of 99
Čínská From Wu-si Čtyři mistři dynastie Juán On Wikipedia in 15 of 32 languages
Ni Zan, tento pověstný čínský malíř, se narodil v roce 1301 do bohaté rodiny v městě Wuxi. Jeho onomastické jméno bylo Yuan Zhen (元鎮), zatímco jeho uměnická jména zněla Yun Lin Zi (雲林子), Huan Xia Sheng (幻霞生) a Jing Man Min (荊蠻民). Ni Zan je dnes považován za jednoho z čtyř mistrů dynastie Juán, stojícího po boku umělců jako Huang Gongwang, Wu Zhen a Wang Meng.
17of 99
Italian From Florence Gothic-Late Gothic
Andrea di Cione, known to history by the evocative moniker Orcagna, stands as one of the most influential figures in Florentine art during the mid-14th century—a period marked by a fascinating confluence of Gothic and Late Gothic artistic traditions. Born around 1308 in the heart of Florence, he emerged from a family deeply rooted in the city's prestigious artisan culture.
18of 99
Italian From Florence Gothic-Late Gothic On Wikipedia in 20 of 32 languages
The name Orcagna—a moniker bestowed upon him by local artisans—encompasses a remarkable figure in the history of Italian art: Andrea di Cione, a painter, sculptor, architect, and master craftsman who dominated the artistic landscape of Florence during the latter half of the 14th century. Orcagna’s early life remains shrouded in some mystery, though it is believed he apprenticed under the renowned sculptor Andrea Pisano.
Learned from Andrea Pisano #14
19of 99
From Lombardie
Narozený jako Giovanni di Jacopo di Guido da Caversaccio v Lombardii kolem roku 1346, jeho umělecká cesta se odehrávala především ve vibrantu kulturním prostředí Florencie během doby obrovských změn a inovací.
20of 99
Italian From Siena Gothic Art On Wikipedia in 14 of 32 languages
To traverse the hallowed halls of the Collegiata di San Gimignano is to encounter a ghost of the Trecento, an artist whose name, Barna da Siena, lingers in the air like incense in a medieval chapel. Known also as Berna di Siena, this figure remains one of the most tantalizing enigmas in the history of Italian art.
21of 99
Chinese From Huzhou Yuan Dynasty Landscape Painting On Wikipedia in 14 of 32 languages
Born in Wuxing, Zhejiang province – now Huzhou – around 1308, Wang Meng stands as a pivotal figure within the artistic landscape of the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368). His life was marked by both privilege and profound misfortune; he descended from Zhao Mengfu, a prominent Song Dynasty official and artist, inheriting a lineage steeped in cultural significance.
22of 99
Spanish From Palma de Mallorca Nautical cartography
Name: Cresques Abraham (his given name was actually Cresques, Abraham being his father's name). Background: Cresques was born into a Jewish family in Majorca, then part of the Crown of Aragon.
23of 99
French Medieval Art, Religious Paintings
Yet, within this tradition flourished an artist of startling intensity and dramatic vision – Nicolas Bataille (c. 1330-1405). His tapestries, particularly the famed “Seven Seals” cycle now housed in the Saint-Nicolas du Chardonnet church in Paris, offer a window into a world grappling with anxieties about mortality, divine judgment, and the impending end times – a perspective rarely found in contemporary art.
24of 99
Italská From Benátky Byzantine art On Wikipedia in 11 of 32 languages
Rok 1336 rezonuje v umělecké krajině Itálie jako čas neoddělitelně spjatý s postavou zahalenou tajemstvím – Mistrem roku 1336. Tento umělec, přesněji známý jako Giovanni Lipini, nese jméno odvozené od zázračné fresky zobrazující Panny Marii v kostele Santa Maria delle Grazie v Pistoii, což nám nabízí fascinující pohled do jeho původu a trvajícího vlivu.
25of 99
Italian Trecento
Born around 1298 in Siena, Italy, and tragically dying sometime before 1331, his life spanned a period of immense artistic ferment – the very dawn of the Renaissance – and he left behind a remarkably small but intensely significant body of work.
26of 99
Italian From Colle di Val d'Elsa Late Gothic On Wikipedia in 18 of 32 languages
In the twilight of the Middle Ages and the dawn of the Italian Renaissance, few figures bridge the gap between the medieval workshop and the modern era as intimately as Cennino Cennini.
Learned from Agnolo Gaddi #7
27of 99
Italská From Siena Sienská malba On Wikipedia in 13 of 32 languages
Ugolino di Nerio, jméno, které je v hlavních proudech dějin umění často nepřítomné, představuje klíčovou postavu v rozkvétající umělecké krajině Sieny a Florencie během 1320.}\,\í.
28of 99
Italian From Siena Early Renaissance On Wikipedia in 13 of 32 languages
In the golden twilight of the Trecento, as the medieval world began to stir toward the light of the Renaissance, Taddeo di Bartolo emerged as a transformative force within the Sienese School.
29of 99
Italian From Florence Early Quattrocento
Records indicate he apprenticed under Nerio di Binduccio around 1296, suggesting an established presence within Florence's artistic milieu by this pivotal moment – a contemporary of Giotto and deeply immersed in the stylistic currents shaping Sienese painting. The Arte dei Medici e Speziali recognized him as a member from 1312 to 1320, cementing his position as a respected craftsman amidst the city’s vibrant cultural landscape.
30of 99
Chinese Landscape painting
Born in Yingcheng (modern-day Yingxian County, Shandong Province) sometime during the late Yuan dynasty (1368-1407), he lived through a period of immense upheaval and transition – the fall of the Mongol-led Yuan and the establishment of the Ming. His most significant debt is undoubtedly to Wang Meng (1308-1383), one of the last great masters of the Yuan dynasty.
31of 99
Italian From Siena Sienese School On Wikipedia in 12 of 32 languages
In the vibrant heart of the Sienese School, Andrea di Bartolo emerged as a master whose brush captured the profound spiritual intensity of his era. As the son and pupil of the prominent painter Bartolo di Fredi, Andrea’s artistic journey was deeply rooted in the traditions of his father's workshop.
32of 99
Italian Florentine School
Lorenzo di Bicci, born around 1350 in the heart of Florence, stands as a pivotal figure bridging the late Gothic traditions of his predecessors with the burgeoning naturalism that would define the early Renaissance.
33of 99
Belgian From Ypres Early Netherlandish Painting On Wikipedia in 15 of 32 languages
In the twilight of the fourteenth century, a transformative energy began to pulse through the workshops of Flanders, signaling the end of the medieval era and the slow, luminous birth of the Northern Renaissance.
34of 99
Italský From Florencie Florecká škola On Wikipedia in 8 of 32 languages
Lorenzo di Bicci, narozený kolem roku 1373 v Florencii, představuje klíčovou postavu v rozvíjející se florentské malířské škole během druhé poloviny čtrnáctého a počátku patnáctého století. Ačkoliv biografické detaily zůstávají skromné—identita jeho otce je ponořena do nejasností—vědecký konsenzus pevně potvrzuje, že Lorenzo absolvoval učení u Jacopo di Cione a Andrea di Cione, umělců, jejichž stylistické inovace hluboce ovlivnily jeho uměleckou trajektorii.
35of 99
Italian From Florence Venetian Renaissance On Wikipedia in 12 of 32 languages
In the golden twilight of the Middle Ages, as the rigid structures of the Gothic era began to soften under the warmth of burgeoning humanism, there emerged a painter whose brush captured the very essence of spiritual devotion and intricate beauty.
36of 99
French Early Gothic painting
Jean Pucelle remains one of the most captivating enigmas in the annals of medieval art, a figure whose name is whispered with reverence by those who study the delicate transition from the rigid structures of the Middle Ages to the burgeoning humanism of the Renaissance.
37of 99
Italská From Florencie Toskánská malba On Wikipedia in 12 of 32 languages
Narodil se kolem roku 1308 ve Florenci a zemřel přibliž nbfs roku 1368. Kolem let 1343–44 vstoupil do cechu Arte dei Medici e degli Speziali (cechu lékařů a lékárníků), což byla běžná cesta pro umělce hledající profesní uznání a přístup k zakázkám.
38of 99
Italian From Piove di Sacco Early Renaissance; Venetian painting; Gothic art On Wikipedia in 12 of 32 languages
Guariento di Arpo (c. 1310–1370) stands as a monumental figure of the Trecento, acting as the essential bridge between the grounded, volumetric realism of Florence and the ethereal, ornamental splendor of the Venetian Gothic tradition. The foundations of Guariento’s genius were laid in the workshops of his contemporaries, where the shadows of masters like Giotto di Bondone and Giovanni Pisano loomed large.
39of 99
Italian From Pratovecchio Gothic & Early Renaissance On Wikipedia in 10 of 32 languages
The story of Giovanni del Biondo is one woven into the very fabric of 14th-century Florence, a period of profound transition where the rigid elegance of the Gothic tradition began to breathe with the nascent vitality of the Early Renaissance.
40of 99
Nizozemec From Haarlem Severní realismus
Claus Sluter (cca 1350–1406) stojí jako jeden z nejvlivnějších sochařů své éry, který definoval klíčové zvratné místo mezi gotickými a renesančními uměleckými tradicemi v severní Evropě. Služba Filipovi Odvážnému: Sluterovy formativní roky vyvrcholily zásadným učednictvím u Jeana de Marville, dvorského sochaře Filipa Odvážného, vévody burgundského. Mezi lety 1385 až 1389 si zdokonaloval své schopnosti uprostřed opulentních dvorů v Dijonu, přičemž absorboval vlivy jak gotického formalismu, tak rodících se ideálů renesance.
41of 99
Japanese From Kyoto Rinzai Zen, Gozan Bungaku
He spent years immersed in Chinese culture, mastering calligraphy under the esteemed master Huang Shangu, absorbing the nuances of Song dynasty poetry, and engaging with the complex philosophies underpinning Zen Buddhism.
42of 99
Italian From Florence Gothic On Wikipedia in 7 of 32 languages
Born in Florence sometime between 1320 and 1330, he emerged from a family deeply rooted in artistic tradition—his three elder brothers, Andrea di Cione (Orcagna), Nardo di Cione, and Matteo di Cione—were themselves accomplished painters, establishing a lineage of creative excellence.
43of 99
Italian From Siena Sienese School On Wikipedia in 13 of 32 languages
V srdci čtrnáctého století v Toskánsku, v době definované přechodem od éterické elegance gotiky k rostoucímu humanismu renesance, se Bartolo di Fredi představil jako mistr světla a vyprávění. Narodil se kolem roku 1330 v Sienu a byl něčím víc než jen malířem; byl mostem mezi dvěma světy.
Works to know · Their 100 best-known works
44of 99
German From Dortmund International Gothic soft style On Wikipedia in 13 of 32 languages
Born around 1370, von Soest emerged not merely as a local painter but as the preeminent Westphalian master of his era. His presence in Dortmund placed him at the heart of a cosmopolitan social circle, where he moved among the patrician elite, securing the patronage necessary to sustain a thriving workshop that would influence Northern European painting well into the late 15th century.
45of 99
Egyptian From Amarna Amarna art style
Tuthmosis, a name synonymous with the golden age of ancient Egypt, was born in Amarna around 1340 BC – a pivotal period marked by radical artistic and religious upheaval. Akhenaten, abandoning the established pantheon of Egyptian gods, moved the capital from Thebes to Amarna – a newly constructed city dedicated solely to Aten. Perhaps Tuthmosis’s most celebrated achievement is undoubtedly the magnificent Bust of Queen Nefertiti, completed around 1340 BC.
46of 99
Italian From Valmorea Italian Gothic On Wikipedia in 13 of 32 languages
In the bustling streets of Florence, where the air was thick with the scent of fresh pigment and the echoes of a changing era, a painter named Giovanni di Jacopo di Guido da Caversaccio began to make his mark. Hailing from Lombardy, he arrived in Tuscany as a man seeking his fortune, appearing in the city's records as Johannes Jacobi de Commo.
47of 99
German From Minden International Gothic On Wikipedia in 13 of 32 languages
Born in Minden, Germany, around 1345 and passing away in Hamburg circa 1415, Master Bertram remains a captivating figure within the history of European art. Often referred to as Meister Bertram or Master of Minden, he stands as a pivotal artist bridging the International Gothic style with the nascent trends of the early Renaissance in Northern Europe.
48of 99
Italian From Siena Gothic architecture/sculpture
Agostino di Siena, born around 1285 in the heart of Tuscany, emerged as a pivotal figure in the transition from late Gothic to early Renaissance sculpture.
49of 99
From Kyoto
Ashikaga Yoshimitsu (September 25, 1358 – May 31, 1408) was the third shōgun of the Ashikaga shogunate, ruling Japan during the Muromachi period. Born in Kyoto as Haruō, he was the oldest surviving son of Ashikaga Yoshiakira. In 1379, Yoshimitsu initiated a significant reorganization of the gozan zen (Five Mountain Zen) establishment, solidifying its institutional framework.
50of 99
Netherlandish From Valenciennes Pucellian revival
In the twilight of the fourteenth century, a period defined by the transition from the rigid structures of the High Middle Ages to the burgeoning naturalism of the Early Netherlandish tradition, the name André Beauneveu emerges as a beacon of artistic innovation.
51of 99
Italian From Florence Renaissance
Often known to history through the mistaken identity of Jacopo Landino —a nomenclature born from the historical errors of Giorgio Vasari—this Florentine master navigated the delicate transition between the late Gothic tradition and the burgeoning sensibilities of the early Renaissance. The origins of his artistry are deeply rooted in the Florentine milieu, likely shaped by the influential circle surrounding the Master of St.
52of 99
Japonský From Provincie Ise Zen buddhismus On Wikipedia in 12 of 32 languages
Musō Soseki, významná postava japonského umění a spirituality, se narodil v roce 1275 a odešel ze světa 20. října 1351. Umělecké snahy Musō Soseki byly charakterizovány jeho jedinečným spojením spirituality a estetiky. Přínos Musō Soseki k japonskému umění je mnohostranný a odráží jak čínské vlivy, tak specificky japonské tradice.
53of 99
Italian From Pisa Gothic Art On Wikipedia in 11 of 32 languages
Francesco Traini (c. 1321 – c. 1365) stands as a singular figure in the artistic landscape of Tuscany during the tumultuous fourteenth century, primarily recognized for his monumental frescoes adorning the Camposanto Monumentale in Pisa and Bologna—works that encapsulate the anxieties and spiritual fervor born from the Black Death.
54of 99
Italian From Bologna International Gothic On Wikipedia in 12 of 32 languages
Vitale da Bologna, a name whispered through the corridors of art history as the definitive master of the Bolognese Gothic, emerged from the vibrant cultural landscape of 14th-century Italy to leave an indelible mark on the Early Renaissance.
55of 99
Kurdish From Erbil Company Style
Sheikh Zain al-Din, also known as al-Iraqi, stands as a fascinating figure in the history of Indian miniature painting—a Kurdish artist born in Erbil, Iraq around 1325 who flourished under the complex patronage system of British Raj.
Works to know · Their 100 best-known works
56of 99
Spanish Gothic-Italian
Pere Serra, also known as Jaume Serra, stands as a compelling figure in the transition from the International Gothic style to the burgeoning Renaissance aesthetic within Catalonia. Born around 1357 and passing away in 1406, his life coincided with a period of significant artistic and cultural change across Europe, yet he maintained a distinctly Catalan sensibility throughout his career.
57of 99
Mexická From Tenochtitlán Mesoamerické umění
Jméno „Aztéka“ – odvozené z národního slova nahuatl ātl-ce-tlācati–tlān, což znamená „lidé mnoha podob“ – vyvolává obrazy rozsáhlé, komplexní říše, která po staletí dominovala Mesoamerice. Umělecké tradice Azteků, zrozené na začátku 14. století v Tenochtitlánu, srdci Aztické říše, byly hluboce zakořeněné v odkazu dřívějších mesoamerických civilizací.
58of 99
Chinese From Taizhou Yuan dynasty calligraphy
Born in Taizhou, within the Zhejiang province of China, he was originally known by the name Zhu and also carried the moniker Nantang. His existence was deeply intertwined with the spiritual lineage of Zen Buddhism, as he sought enlightenment through the guidance of esteemed masters such as Guling Qingmao.
59of 99
Italian Byzantine-influenced art; Gothic art
In the shimmering, maritime heart of the fourteenth century, a transformative era was unfolding within the lagoons of Venice, and at its center stood Paolo Veneziano. Often revered as the undisputed founder of the Venetian School, this master artist—also known by names such as Paolo da Venezia or Veneziano Paolo —did more than merely paint; he forged a visual identity for a rising maritime republic.
60of 99
Italian From Perugia Renaissance
In the golden twilight of the Middle Ages, as the rigid structures of the Byzantine tradition began to soften under the burgeoning light of the Renaissance, there emerged a figure of profound architectural and decorative significance in the heart of Italy. Matteo di Ser Cambio, an artist whose name echoes through the halls of Perugia and Florence, served as a vital bridge between the medieval past and the humanist future.
61of 99
From Nanjing
Zhu Di was not a visual artist in the traditional sense, but rather the third emperor of China's Ming dynasty, known to history by his era name, the Yongle Emperor. Born in Nanjing, China, he rose from the position of Prince of Yan to become a formidable military leader and statesman.
62of 99
Catalan From Avinyonet del Penedès Gothic painting
Ferrer Bassa emerged from the artistic landscape of 14th-century Catalonia as a pivotal figure, bridging the gap between established Gothic traditions and the burgeoning Italianate styles that would reshape European painting. Born around 1285 in the small town of Avinyonet del Penedès, his early life remains shrouded in some mystery, yet the documented evidence reveals a trajectory marked by both diligent craftsmanship and royal favor.
63of 99
Italian From Modena Late Gothic On Wikipedia in 15 of 32 languages
Precise details concerning his familial background are elusive, yet evidence suggests he belonged to a noble family engaged in mercantile pursuits—a circumstance that afforded him access to resources crucial for pursuing scholarly endeavors and honing artistic skills.
64of 99
Italian From Bologna Renaissance, Proto-Renaissance
Jacopo d'Avanzi, a name resonating softly through the annals of the 14th-century Italian Renaissance, remains an artist shrouded in some mystery, often conflated with contemporaries like Jacopo de’ Bavozi. This environment undoubtedly played a crucial role in fostering d'Avanzi’s talent.
65of 99
Italský From San Quirico d'Orcia Naturalismus, Proto-renesaní On Wikipedia in 10 of 32 languages
Jeho život, i když tragicky krátký, byl svědicky dramatické změny uměleckých citlivostí v Sieně, pohánované především jeho spoluprací s mladším bratrancem Ambrogiem Lorenzettim a jejich zapojením do inovativních technik Giotta a Giovanniego Pisana. Lorenzettiova raná kariéra je zčást mocná tajemství, ale důkazy naznačují, že strávil formující roky prací vedle Simone Martiniho v Assisi. Klíčové bylo jeho období ve Florencii během let 1320. a 1330.
Works to know · Their 100 best-known works
The Coronation of the Virgin, and Saints
The Camarlingo Niccolò di Leonardo della Gazaia, His Scrivener and Three Taxpayers (Sienese account book cover)
Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saint John the Evangelist, Saint Peter, Saint Agnes, Saint Catherine of Alexandria, Saint Lucy, an Unidentified Female Saint, Saint Paul, and Saint John the Baptist, with Eve and the Serpent; the Annunciation66of 99
Italian From Florence Early Italian painter On Wikipedia in 14 of 32 languages
Born around 1324, Maso di Stefano—better known by his diminutive title—did not simply mimic his predecessors. In works like the Pietà of San Remigio, created around 1365, the artist captures a heavy, physical grief. The frescoes in the chapel of San Silvestro within the Basilica of Santa Croce in Florence provide evidence of his capacity for complex storytelling.
67of 99
Yuan dynasty From Jiashan County On Wikipedia in 12 of 32 languages
After completing his formal education, Wu Zhen made the deliberate choice to abandon the life of a scholar or a warrior to pursue the art of painting.
68of 99
Florentine From Florence Later Gothic On Wikipedia in 10 of 32 languages
Florence serves as the backdrop for the career of Jacopo del Casentino. As a pupil of Taddeo Gaddi, Casentino absorbs the technical foundations of the Florentine tradition while looking toward new horizons. Alongside Bernardo Daddi, Casentino helps spread the popularity of these portable altars across Italy, bringing sacred imagery into the quiet corners of domestic life.
Learned from Taddeo Gaddi #6 · Taught Spinello Aretino #12
69of 99
Italian From Florence Early Renaissance On Wikipedia in 12 of 32 languages
Giusto de’ Menabuoi (c. 1320–1391) was an Italian painter born in Florence, marking the dawn of the Quattrocento – a pivotal era in Renaissance art history. Notably, between 1375 and 1378, he embarked upon the decoration of the Baptistery of Saint Anthony – a project that exemplifies his innovative blending of Byzantine influences with Florentine artistic sensibilities.
70of 99
French From Hesdin International Gothic On Wikipedia in 13 of 32 languages
He is also known as Jacquemart of Hesdin. Hesdin, his namesake, was a fortified citadel in the Pas-de-Calais region, then part of Flanders and under Burgundian influence.
71of 99
Italian From Viterbo Early Italian Renaissance
In the heart of fourteenth-century Italy, amidst the spiritual awakening of the early Renaissance, the name Matteo Giovanetti emerged as a beacon of devotional mastery. His life’s work serves as a vital bridge between the rigid, symbolic traditions of the Gothic period and the burgeoning naturalism that would soon define the Italian Renaissance.
72of 99
Japanese From Ямаширо Zen buddhism art
He was born in Yamashiro Province (modern Kyoto Prefecture), a region deeply rooted in Buddhist tradition.
73of 99
Chinese Zen Buddhism
In the quiet, meditative corridors of history, few figures loom as large or as transformative as Seisetsu Shōchō (1274–1339). Born in China during the vibrant Yuan Dynasty, his life was a bridge between two worlds, spanning the intellectual rigor of Chinese scholarship and the spiritual revitalization of Japanese Zen.
74of 99
Italian From Siena Sienese school
Bartolommeo Bulgarini, known variously as Bulgarino or Bologhini, emerged from the vibrant artistic ferment of fourteenth-century Siena to become one of the most profound voices of the Trecento. Born around 1300, his life was inextricably linked to the golden age of Sienese painting, a period defined by a unique tension between the celestial and the terrestrial.
75of 99
Japanese From Hara Zen painting
Tettō’s early life was immersed in the traditions of Japanese art. Born into a family with a history of artistic endeavors, he received his initial training in various traditional forms – calligraphy, landscape painting, and perhaps even woodblock printing.
76of 99
Italian From Modena Byzantine-influenced Lombard Painting On Wikipedia in 12 of 32 languages
Born around 1328 in Modena (Emilia), he emerged from obscurity to become arguably the first Lombard painter of considerable renown, leaving behind an impressive oeuvre that testifies to his unwavering devotion to this venerable artistic heritage. His activity spanned Lombardy, Piedmont, and Pisa in Tuscany, establishing him as a pivotal artist within the burgeoning cultural dynamism of the era.
77of 99
German-Bohemian From Schwäbisch Gmünd Late Gothic
In the heart of the Late Middle Ages, a period defined by soaring spires and profound devotion, Peter Parler emerged as one of the most influential architects and sculptors of his era. Known variously as Peter von Gemünd or Petr Parléř, his identity was inextricably linked to the Parler family, a lineage of craftsmen whose influence stretched across much of Central Europe.
78of 99
Italská From Barcelona Raná renesance
Bonanat Descoll I De Santcliment byl v 14. století významným katalánským admirálem Koruny aragonské. Narodil se v roce 1310 v Barceloně ve Španělsku a zemřel v roce 1390. Bonanat Descoll I De Santcliment nebyl pouze zdatným vojenským vůdcem, ale také vysoce zdatným umělcem.
79of 99
Chinese From Beijing Landscape Art
The Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368), established by Kublai Khan, represents a singular moment in Chinese history – the first time a foreign power successfully ruled over all of China. Understanding Yuan art requires delving into its complex context: the ambition of Kublai Khan to unite Eurasia under Mongol rule, coupled with a burgeoning intellectual elite eager to embrace new ideas and traditions.
80of 99
Italian From Verona Trecento art
Giovanni di Rigino, a name resonating softly through the annals of Trecento sculpture, emerged from the vibrant artistic milieu of Verona in approximately 1315 or 1320.
81of 99
Italian From Siena Gothic Art
Domenico di Agostino, born in Siena around 1317, emerged from the vibrant artistic milieu of a city deeply steeped in religious fervor. While not as widely celebrated as some of his contemporaries like Duccio or Simone Martini, Domenico carved out a significant place for himself within the Sienese School, becoming known for his intensely devotional works and refined stylistic approach.
82of 99
Italian Gothic Art Italy
Siena’s artistic climate was characterized by a distinctive emphasis on grace, refined detail, and narrative clarity – qualities that would become hallmarks of Agnolo’s own work.
83of 99
Italian From Milan Gothic
Giovanni da Campione (c.1320-1375) stands as a pivotal figure in the artistic landscape of Milanese Gothic sculpture, renowned for his dramatic depictions of warfare and the monumental Tomb of Cangrande della Scala – a testament to both technical prowess and humanist ideals.
84of 99
Italian From Arezzo Humanist poetry
Born in Arezzo, Italy, in 1304 as Francesco Patriarca – later adopting the name Francesco Petrarca – this artist was more than just a painter; he was a pivotal figure in the burgeoning Italian Renaissance. His family, prominent Florentine notaries, faced exile due to the turbulent power struggles between the White and Black Guelphs.
85of 99
From Siena
His origins lie within a Sienese family with a tradition of sculpting and architecture. However, modern scholarship proposes an apprenticeship under Camaino di Crescentino, father to Tino di Camaino, as more likely.
86of 99
Japanese From Tokyo Zen Buddhism
Sesson Yūbai (雪村 友梅; 1290 – 14th day of the 1st month, 1347) stands as one of Japan’s most revered Zen Buddhist poets and monks—a figure inextricably linked to the profound aesthetic principles that define the Five Mountains School of Zen.
87of 99
Egyptian From Cairo Islamic Art
The early life of Barquq remains somewhat shrouded in historical detail, typical for figures within the Mamluk elite whose power was often built on military prowess and strategic alliances rather than documented lineage.
88of 99
Italian From Certaldo Humanism precursor
Born amidst the rolling landscapes of Certaldo in 1313, Giovanni Boccaccio emerged as a vital force in the cultural landscape of the fourteenth century. As one of the legendary "Three Crowns" of Italian literature—standing alongside the giants Dante Alighieri and Petrarch—his life served as a bridge between the medieval world and the dawning light of the Renaissance.
89of 99
Japanese Buddhist Art
In the turbulent landscape of fourteenth-century Japan, amidst the political fragmentation of the Northern and Southern Courts, there emerged a figure whose influence transcended the mere boundaries of imperial governance. Emperor Kōgon (1313–1364) was not merely a sovereign navigating a period of profound instability; he was a visionary patron whose devotion to Buddhist iconography helped reshape the aesthetic soul of Northern Japan.
90of 99
Japanese From Tokyo Rinzai Zen
Jakushitsu Genkō (寂室 元光, june 23, 1290 – september 25, 1367) stands as a singular figure in fourteenth-century Japan—a Rinzai Zen master whose artistic output transcended mere craftsmanship to embody the very essence of contemplative practice.
91of 99
Italian From Sant Joan de les Abadès Sienese painting, Gothic influence
92of 99
English From Norwich Medieval Mysticism
In the heart of a bustling, medieval port city, amidst the shadows of the Black Death and the tremors of the Peasants’ Revolt, lived a woman whose voice would transcend the stone walls of her enclosure. Julian of Norwich, known variously as Lady Julian or Mother Julian, carved out a life of profound stillness within the Holy Cell of Norwich Cathedral.
93of 99
Italian From Florence Renaissance Painting On Wikipedia in 10 of 32 languages
Born around 1320, he was part of a formidable artistic dynasty, working alongside his brothers, the renowned Orcagna (Andrea di Cione) and Jacopo di Cione. The zenith of Nardo’s collaborative achievements can be found within the hallowed walls of the Cappella Strozzi in Santa Maria Novella.
94of 99
Egyptian From Amarna Ancient Egyptian Art
Born as Tutankhaten, the Living Image of Aten, his early years were defined by the radical, monotheistic shadows cast by his predecessor, Akhenaten. Yet, the boy who would become Tutankhamun possessed a destiny far greater than mere survival.
95of 99
Italian From Modena Giottesque & Bolognese
In the twilight of the fourteenth century, amidst the architectural grandeur of Northern Italy, the name Serafino Serafini emerged as a vital, if enigmatic, force in the evolution of late medieval painting. Born around 1324 in the industrious city of Modena, Serafini’s origins were deeply rooted in the tactile traditions of his homeland.
96of 99
Italian Venetian Gothic
Filippo Calendario stands as a pivotal figure in the artistic landscape of fourteenth-century Venice, primarily recognized for his monumental contributions to the construction and decoration of the Doge’s Palace—a testament to Venetian architectural prowess during its golden age. Born around 1315, likely in Florence, Calendario’s early life was shaped by the rigorous traditions of Italian craftsmanship.
Works to know · Their 100 best-known works
97of 99
Italian From Pietrantonella Late Medieval Art
In the twilight of the Middle Ages, as the rigid structures of the Gothic era began to soften under the burgeoning light of the Renaissance, there emerged a master whose hands shaped the very identity of Neapolitan grandeur.
98of 99
Italian From Tosa Byzantine art
The figure known as the Master of 1336 remains one of the most intriguing enigmas in Italian art history. While his name—a label bestowed upon him due to a fresco depicting the miracle of the Virgin Mary in Santa Maria delle Grazie, Pistoia—offers little insight into his personal identity, his paintings speak volumes about the artistic currents shaping Tuscany at the time.
99of 99
Japanese Zen Buddhist Art
In the turbulent landscape of Japan’s Nanbokuchō period, a time defined by political fragmentation and spiritual searching, there emerged a figure whose brushstrokes offered a glimpse into eternal stillness.
Pictures worth knowing
When it happened
Fun figures
| Italy | 37 |
|---|---|
| Itálie | 18 |
| Japan | 8 |
| China | 4 |
| Spain | 3 |
| France | 3 |
| Egypt | 3 |
| People's Republic of China | 2 |
| 1270s | 4 |
|---|---|
| 1280s | 9 |
| 1290s | 11 |
| 1300s | 9 |
| 1310s | 8 |
| 1320s | 12 |
| 1330s | 13 |
| 1340s | 9 |
| 1350s | 15 |
| 1360s | 9 |
Just the names
Simone MartiniItalská · 1284–1344Andrej RublevRus · 1360–1430Ambrogio Lorenzetti1290–1348Pietro LorenzettiItalská · 1280–1348Hubert Van EyckNizmecký · 1366–1426Taddeo GaddiItalská · 1300–1366Agnolo GaddiItaliane · 1350–1396Theofanés ŘekŘek · 1335–1410Paolo VenezianoItalská · 1333–1358Lippo MemmiItalský · 1291–1356Altichiero Da ZevioItalská · 1330–1390Spinello AretinoItalská · 1350–1410Bernardo DaddiItalská · 1290–1348Andrea PisanoItalská · 1290–1348Niccolò Di TommasoItalian · 1346–1376Ni CanČínská · 1301–1374Andrea Di Cione Di Arcangelo (Orcagna)Italian · 1308–1368OrcagnaItalian · 1315–1368Giovanni Da Milano1346–1369Barna Da SienaItalian · 1330–1380Wang MengChinese · 1308–1385Cresques AbrahamSpanish · 1325–1387Nicolas BatailleFrench · 1330–1405Lorenzo VenezianoItalská · 1336–1379Segna Di BuonaventureItalian · 1298–1326Cennino CenniniItalian · 1360–1440Ugolino Di NerioItalská · 1280–1330Taddeo di BartoloItalian · 1362–1422Lippo Di BenivieniItalian · 1296–1327Zhao YuanChinese · born 1350Andrea Di BartoloItalian · 1360–1428Lorenzo di BicciItalian · 1350–1427Melchior BroederlamBelgian · 1355–1410Lorenzo Di BicciItalský · 1350–1427Gherardo StarninaItalian · 1354–1413Jean PucelleFrench · 1300–1334Andrea di BonaiutoItalská · 1343–1379Guariento di ArpoItalian · 1310–1370Giovanni Del BiondoItalian · 1356–1399Klaus SluterNizozemec · 1355–1406Kokan ShirenJapanese · 1278–1346Jacopo di CioneItalian · 1325–1399Bartolo Di FrediItalian · 1330–1410Conrad von SoestGerman · 1360–1423TuthmosisEgyptian · 1340–1300Giovanni da MilanoItalian · 1325–1370Master BertramGerman · 1345–1415Agostino Di GiovanniItalian · 1285–1347Ashikaga Yoshimitsu1358–1408André BeauneveuNetherlandish · 1335–1403Jacopo Del Casentino (Jacopo Landino)Italian · 1330–1380Soseki MusóJaponský · 1275–1351Francesco TrainiItalian · 1321–1365Vitale Da BolognaItalian · 1289–1359Sheikh Zain Al-DinKurdish · born 1325Pere SerraSpanish · 1357–1406Aztecká ŘíšeMexická · 1300–1521Liaoan QingyuChinese · 1288–1363Marco Di Paolo VenezianoItalian · born 1362Matteo Di Ser CambioItalian · 1351–1424Zhu Di1360–1424Ferrer BassaCatalan · 1285–1348Tommaso Da ModenaItalian · 1326–1379Jacopo AvanziItalian · 1350–1416Paolo Di Giovanni FeiItalský · 1345–1411GiottinoItalian · 1324–1372Wu ZhenYuan dynasty · 1280–1354Jacopo del CasentinoFlorentine · 1297–1358Giusto De' MenabuoiItalian · 1330–1393Jacquemart de HesdinFrench · 1350–1410Matteo GiovanettiItalian · 1322–1368Reisai GukyokuJapanese · 1363–1452Qingzhuo Zhengcheng, Ch'Ing-Cho Cheng-Ch'EngChinese · 1274–1339Bartolommeo BulgariniItalian · 1305–1378Gikō TettōJapanese · 1295–1369Barnaba Da ModenaItalian · 1328–1386Petr ParléřGerman-Bohemian · 1330–1399Bonanat Descoll I De SantclimentItalská · 1310–1390Yuan DynastyChinese · 1271–1368Giovanni Di RiginoItalian · born 1315Domenico Di AgostinoItalian · 1317–1366Agnolo Di VenturaItalian · 1290–1349Giovanni Da CampioneItalian · 1320–1375Francesco Di PetraccoItalian · 1304–1374Giovanni d'Agostino1285–1347Sesson YūbaiJapanese · 1290–1347Sultan Al-Malik Al-Zahir Abu Sa’Id BarquqEgyptian · 1339–1399Giovanni Di Chellino BoccaccioItalian · 1313–1375Emperor KōgonJapanese · 1313–1364Jakushitsu GenkōJapanese · 1290–1367Bernat Saulet I El Taller De Sant Joan De Les AbadessesItalian · 1341–1342Mother JulianEnglish · born 1343Nardo di CioneItalian · 1320–1366TutankhamenEgyptian · 1345–1327Serafino SerafiniItalian · 1324–1393Filippo CalendarioItalian · 1315–1355Antonio Baboccio Da PipernoItalian · 1351–1435Zekkai ChūshinItalian · 1336–1405Ryūshū ShūtakuJapanese · 1307–1388Good questions
Simone Martini (#1) is first in this ranking, followed by Andrej Rublev (#2) and Ambrogio Lorenzetti (#3).
Simone Martini (#1), Andrej Rublev (#2), Ambrogio Lorenzetti (#3), Pietro Lorenzetti (#4) and Hubert Van Eyck (#5).
The highest-ranked living artists in this list are Zhao Yuan (#30), Sheikh Zain Al-Din (#55), Marco Di Paolo Veneziano (#59), Giovanni Di Rigino (#80) and Mother Julian (#92).
1 women are in this ranking: Mother Julian (#92).
The highest-ranked artists born in Itálie are Simone Martini (#1), Ambrogio Lorenzetti (#3), Pietro Lorenzetti (#4), Taddeo Gaddi (#6) and Agnolo Gaddi (#7).
Most artists in this list were born in the 1350s (15 of 99), between 1271 and 1366 overall.
Taddeo Gaddi (#6) taught Agnolo Gaddi (#7) and Jacopo Del Casentino (Jacopo Landino) (#51); Simone Martini (#1) taught Lippo Memmi (#10); Spinello Aretino (#12) taught Lorenzo di Bicci (#32).
The earliest-born artist in this list is Yuan Dynasty (#79), born in 1271.
“Giotto’s frescoes in Assisi and Padua served as an indelible inspiration, shaping Gaddi's formative years and instilling in him a profound appreciation for expressive emotion and narrative clarity.” — from our biography of Agnolo Gaddi (#7).
The museums holding the most key works of this list are Metropolitan Museum of Art (19), Gemäldegalerie (6) and Galleria degli Uffizi (4).
The highest-ranked artists born in Italy are Niccolò Di Tommaso (#15), Andrea Di Cione Di Arcangelo (Orcagna) (#17), Orcagna (#18), Barna Da Siena (#20) and Cennino Cennini (#26).
Our catalogue holds 1,514 works by these artists. Each one can be ordered as a hand-painted oil reproduction or a print.
Read more
Other styles
Famous Baroque artistsRembrandt van Rijn · Rembrandt
Famous Contemporary Realist artistsŽatečnice · Jean-François Millet
Famous Impressionist artistsHvězdná noc (New York, MoMA) · Vincent Van Gogh
Famous Romanticist artistsSaturn požírající svého syna · Francisco Goya
Famous Neoclassicist artistsÚmrtí Marata · Jacques-Louis David
Famous Realist artistsPůvod světa · Gustave Courbet
Famous Renaissance artistsMona Lisa (La Gioconda) · Leonardo Da Vinci
Famous Dutch Golden Age artistsJohannes Vermeer · Jan Vermeer
Famous Expressionist artistsKompozice VII · Vasilij Vasiljevič Kandinskij
Famous Rococo artistsOdplavba na Kýtheru · Antoine WatteauOther eras
Famous Early Medieval artistsSnowy River · Wang Wei
Famous High Medieval artistsMadonna in Maest (Ognissanti Madonna) · Giotto Di Bondone
Famous Renaissance artistsStvoření Adama · Michelangelo Buonarroti
Famous Early Modern artistsPovolání svatého Matěje · Caravaggio
Famous 19th Century artistsLekníny (nebo Vodní lilie) · Claude Monet
Famous Modern artistsGuernica · Pablo Picasso
Famous Contemporary artistsWind Sculpture III (one in a series of nine) · Yinka ShonibareKeep exploring
![Saint Mary Magdalene, with an Angel [left panel] by Pietro Lorenzetti](/media/artworks/images-thumb/56/70/567081333697abce62276a169dde6184.jpg)
![Madonna of Humility, The Blessing Christ, Two Angels, and a Donor [obverse] by Andrea Di Bartolo](/media/artworks/images-thumb/f3/31/f3317163438ed194835309786408ef36.jpg)
![[Appointment of Romeu Desplà as administrator and notary for the works of the galleys at the Drassanes (shipyards) of Barcelona]\n\nAppointment by Bonanat Descoll I De Santcliment](/media/artworks/images-thumb/64/e7/64e7531469fd5686ef82dea4779099f0.jpg)
![Saint Peter [left panel] by Nardo di Cione](/media/artworks/images-thumb/45/65/4565bd93c5ceb8d7a9e277b4bdd827fe.jpg)
