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Рембранд ван Рейн 1606–1669
Холандец From Лайден Холандски Златен век On Wikipedia in 32 of 32 languages
New to Early Modern? Start here
If you remember one Early Modern painter, make it Рембранд ван Рейн (1606–1669), the name behind Нощна стража and Анатомичното урок на д-р Николас Тулп. After that come Микеланджело да Караваджо, Диего Веласкес, Франсиско Гоя and Петер Паул Рубенс. Our 100 picks go from Микеланджело да Караваджо (born 1571) to Томас Лоуранс (born 1769), from 11 countries.
How we picked them. We list the artists our catalogue links to Early Modern, from the most famous down. Artists born after 1955 that we cannot yet check on Wikidata are left out. The Wikipedia number shows in how many of our 32 languages Wikipedia writes about them.
Quick facts
Meet them one by one
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Холандец From Лайден Холандски Златен век On Wikipedia in 32 of 32 languages
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From Милано Барок, Тенебризъм, Чиароскуро On Wikipedia in 32 of 32 languages
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From Севиля On Wikipedia in 31 of 32 languages
Las Meninas (1656) - Museo del Prado, Мадрид. The Surrender of Breda (1634-1635) - Museo del Prado, Мадрид. Juan de Pareja - Metropolitan Museum of Art, Ню Йорк.
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Испанска From Фуендетодос ['Рококо', 'Романтизъм', 'Модернизъм'] On Wikipedia in 32 of 32 languages
He grew up in a lower middle-class household alongside his siblings: Rita, Tomás, Jacinta, Mariano, and Camilo. He studied under José Luzán y Martínez, learning the foundational mechanics of his craft.
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Фламанд From Зиген Барок On Wikipedia in 32 of 32 languages
Born on 28 June 1577 in Siegen, Germany, his early years were shaped by the religious instability of the era. In 1592, he began his training under Tobias Verhaecht, a landscape painter who provided the essential groundwork in composition.
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Холандец From Делфт Холандски Златен век On Wikipedia in 32 of 32 languages
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Френска From Ле Хавър Френско барок, Френски класицизъм
Et in Arcadia Ego. Седемте тайнства. Смъртта на Германик. Орион, ослепен в търсене на слънцето.
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Италианка From Рим Барок On Wikipedia in 32 of 32 languages
Artemisia Gentileschi arrived in Rome in 1593, born into a household where the visual arts were the primary language. By the age of 15, Artemisia Gentileschi was already producing professional work, demonstrating a technical maturity that surpassed many of her contemporaries.
See them at The physical presence of her art remains scattered across Europe, a map of her movement and the enduring demand for her vision.
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Британска From Лондон Романтизъм On Wikipedia in 32 of 32 languages
National Gallery of Victoria в Мелбърн притежава едно произведение, творба от 1827 г., озаглавена Antaeus setting down Dante and Virgil in the last circle of hell. Това единствено присъствие в Австралия подчертава трайното международно безпокойство и интерес към неговата необикновена, дълбоко лична митология.
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Френска From Париж Неокласицизъм On Wikipedia in 31 of 32 languages
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Dutch From Антверпен Dutch Golden Age On Wikipedia in 32 of 32 languages
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Френска From Париж Рококо и Неокласицизъм On Wikipedia in 30 of 32 languages
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Английска From Лондон Модерни морални теми On Wikipedia in 31 of 32 languages
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Френска From Вик-сюр-Сеийе Френски барок On Wikipedia in 26 of 32 languages
Fortune-Teller, написана около 1630 г., демонстрира този ранен стил – оживена жанрова сцена, представена с остри наблюдения и драматично осветление. Но неговите по-късни религиозни творби наистина показват неговия гений. Adoration of the Shepherds, създадена около 1640 г., демонстрира способността му да внася дълбоки емоционални нюанси в традиционна тема. Фигурите не са идеализирани или героични; те са обикновени хора, смирени от присъствието на божественото.
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Испанска From Фуенте де Кантос Испанска барок, Тенебризъм On Wikipedia in 31 of 32 languages
Notable Works: Immaculate Conception (c. 1635), Agnus Dei (c. 1640), Sudarium of St Veronica, St Francis Receiving the Stigmata, Paintings of Carthusian Monks. Historical Significance: Zurbarán’s influence on Spanish Baroque is undeniable; his use of chiaroscuro and his focus on religious themes inspired generations of artists.
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Испанска From Севиля Испанска барокова барок On Wikipedia in 32 of 32 languages
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Италианец From Венеция Ведути, топографски стил On Wikipedia in 30 of 32 languages
Giovanni Antonio Canal, known to many as Canaletto, was born in Venice, Italy, on October 18, 1697. These years spent working on stage sets provided the technical foundation for his later interest in the actual buildings and waterways of Venice.
See them at His presence remains felt in the collections of major institutions across Europe and beyond.
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Френска From Грас Рококо On Wikipedia in 28 of 32 languages
In 1738, the family moves to Paris, trading the atmosphere of Grasse for the bustling energy of the capital. Before picking up a brush as a professional, Jean-Honoré Fragonard is apprenticed to a Paris notary, a practical detour into the world of legal documentation.
See them at The physical traces of Fragonard’s brushwork remain scattered across major global institutions.
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Италианец From Болоня Барок, Болонска школа, Класицизъм On Wikipedia in 29 of 32 languages
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Холандец From Харлем Холандски Златен век On Wikipedia in 28 of 32 languages
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Френска From Париж Натурализъм On Wikipedia in 27 of 32 languages
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Нидерландска From Лайден Барок, Жанрова живопис On Wikipedia in 27 of 32 languages
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Британска From Судобул Рококо, Романтизъм On Wikipedia in 29 of 32 languages
Mr and Mrs Andrews (около 1750 г.). Г-жа Томас Гейнсбъроу, родена Маргерет Бър (1778 г.).
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Британска From Плимут Голям стил On Wikipedia in 31 of 32 languages
His sister, Mary Palmer, was also a person of letters, known for her writing of Devonshire Dialogue. In 1740, he moved to London to begin an apprenticeship under the portrait painter Thomas Hudson.
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Фламандска From Антверпен Барок On Wikipedia in 27 of 32 languages
Born in 1593, he was the first of eleven children born to Jacob Jordaens, a man who had found success as a linen merchant, and his wife, Barbara van Wolschaten.
See them at In Paris, the Louvre preserves his hand, while the Museo del Prado in Madrid offers a glimpse into his ability to render the human form with such substantial presence.
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Швейцарец From Цюрих Романтизъм, Тъмен романтизъм On Wikipedia in 27 of 32 languages
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Нидерландска From Роттердам Делфтска школа, Златният век на Нидерландия On Wikipedia in 26 of 32 languages
He was the eldest of five children born to Hendrick Hendricksz de Hooch, a master bricklayer, and Annetge Pieters, a midwife. During these formative years, de Hooch was a pupil of Claes Berchem.
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Италиански From Неапол Барокко On Wikipedia in 32 of 32 languages
Born in Naples in 1598, Bernini’s journey to becoming one of history's most celebrated artists began within his father Pietro’s workshop, an environment steeped in classical tradition and burgeoning with nascent talent. The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa, housed within the Cornaro Chapel, stands as perhaps his most iconic achievement – a swirling composition of marble, bronze, and light that captures a mystical experience with an almost overwhelming emotional force.
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Италиански From Посаньо Неокласицизъм On Wikipedia in 30 of 32 languages
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Испанец From Хатива Барок On Wikipedia in 30 of 32 languages
Lo Spagnoletto, како што го познаваше, остави наследство кое е не само восхитно туку и интелигентно предизвикување.
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Японски From Кавагое *Укиё-э* On Wikipedia in 27 of 32 languages
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Германец From Усти над Лабе Неокласицизъм On Wikipedia in 27 of 32 languages
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Френски From Турнуш Рококо, Жанров пейзаж On Wikipedia in 22 of 32 languages
Born in the tranquil Burgundian town of Tournus in 1725, Jean-Baptiste Greuze’s life was a testament to both extraordinary talent and persistent struggle. It was through the guidance of Grandon, a Lyon artist who recognized Greuze’s innate gift, that this nascent talent began to blossom, leading to formative studies in Lyon and ultimately, the prestigious Royal Academy in Paris under Charles-Joseph Natoire.
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Швейцарка From Кур Неокласицизъм On Wikipedia in 27 of 32 languages
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Нидерландски From Утрехт Барок, Караваджизъм On Wikipedia in 23 of 32 languages
Gerard van Honthorst emerged from Utrecht in 1592, a pivotal figure poised to illuminate the Dutch Golden Age with his dramatic artistry. There, amidst the fervent energy of the Italian Baroque, he encountered the groundbreaking work of Caravaggio – an encounter that would define his signature style and earn him the evocative nickname “Gherardo delle Notti,” or Gerard of the Nights.
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Италианец From Венеция Ведута, градски пейзаж, графика On Wikipedia in 27 of 32 languages
Rio dei Mendicanti със Scuola di San Marco (детайл) (1738).
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Италианец From Неапол Късен Барок On Wikipedia in 23 of 32 languages
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Италианец From Венеция *Vedute*, *Pittura di tocco* On Wikipedia in 27 of 32 languages
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Френски From Монтаржи Неокласицизъм & Романтизъм On Wikipedia in 23 of 32 languages
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Dutch From Лайден Dutch Golden Age painting On Wikipedia in 25 of 32 languages
Jan van Goyen was the son of a shoemaker and started as an apprentice in Leiden, the town of his birth. This foundational training proved crucial to his artistic development.
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Британски From Дарби Хиароскуро, Романтизъм On Wikipedia in 23 of 32 languages
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Британски From Бристъл Регентска портретура On Wikipedia in 22 of 32 languages
Born in Bristol in 1769 amidst the bustling port city’s vibrant atmosphere, his early life was marked by a nomadic existence, following his father's innkeeping ventures through Devizes and Bath.
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Американец с британско гражданство From Бостън Неокласицизъм, Рококо On Wikipedia in 22 of 32 languages
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Англичанин From Ливърпул Романтично движение On Wikipedia in 19 of 32 languages
Whistlejacket – Национална галерия, Лондон. Лъв, поглъщащ кон – Галерия „Тейт“, Лондон. Molly Long-legs с нейния жокей – Художествена галерия „Уокър“, Ливърпул. Семействата Милбанк и Мелбърн – Национална галерия, Лондон.
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Американски From Спрингфийлд Неокласицизъм, Романтизъм On Wikipedia in 19 of 32 languages
West’s innovative spirit, coupled with his diplomatic skills and unwavering dedication to his craft, earned him lasting recognition as “the American Raphael.” He died in London in 1820, leaving behind a body of work that continues to inspire awe and admiration.
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Scottish From Кърколди Neoclassical On Wikipedia in 29 of 32 languages
Born in Kirkcaldy, Scotland, on July 3rd, 1728, Robert Adam emerged from a family already deeply entrenched in the world of architecture. His father, William Adam, was a prominent figure in shaping the Scottish landscape, and young Robert’s initial education wasn't confined to academic pursuits like Latin at Edinburgh’s Royal High School; it was interwoven with the practical realities of building design and construction through apprenticeship under his father’s tutelage.
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Италиански From Лука Неокласицизъм On Wikipedia in 19 of 32 languages
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Италиански From Венеция Венецианско изкуство, Рококо On Wikipedia in 18 of 32 languages
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Нидерландска From Лайден Еклектичен; жанров, портрет, натюрморт On Wikipedia in 23 of 32 languages
Gabriel Metsu was born in Leiden in 1629. He may have studied in Utrecht under the Catholic painters Nicolaus Knüpfer and Jan Weenix.
See them at Tracing the presence of his paintings requires traveling through several major collections.
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Италианска From Парма Барокова живопис On Wikipedia in 20 of 32 languages
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Dutch From Ротердам Dutch Golden Age, Still Life On Wikipedia in 17 of 32 languages
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Нидерландска From Амстердам Нидерландско пейзажно изкуство от Златния век On Wikipedia in 23 of 32 languages
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Американски From Сендмънтън Неокласицизъм On Wikipedia in 19 of 32 languages
Gilbert Stuart (1755 – 1828) stands as a monumental figure in the annals of American art history, revered for his unparalleled skill in portraiture and his indelible contribution to shaping the visual representation of early America. Early Life & Training: Stuart's artistic journey commenced at a remarkably young age in Saunderstown, Rhode Island, where he was born into a family rooted in Scottish heritage.
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Италианец From Венеция Рококо On Wikipedia in 18 of 32 languages
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Италианец From Генуя Високо барок On Wikipedia in 16 of 32 languages
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Italian From Болоня Baroque and Classical On Wikipedia in 21 of 32 languages
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Британска From Далтон-ин-Фурнес Романтизъм, Неокласицизъм On Wikipedia in 22 of 32 languages
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Испанска From Монпелие Живопис на натюрморта On Wikipedia in 15 of 32 languages
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Италианец From Кортона Барокко On Wikipedia in 27 of 32 languages
Pietro Berrettini, forever etched in history as Pietro da Cortona, emerged from the sun-drenched hills of Tuscany in 1596 to become a pivotal figure in the dazzling spectacle that was the Italian Baroque. The frescoes he executed in the church of Santa Bibiana (1624-1626), undertaken under the watchful eye of Gian Lorenzo Bernini, proved to be pivotal moments in his career.
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Италианска From Венеция Рококо On Wikipedia in 16 of 32 languages
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Италианец From Серино Барокко On Wikipedia in 16 of 32 languages
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Нидерландска, британска From Зост Барок, нидерландско влияние On Wikipedia in 18 of 32 languages
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Испанска From Севиля Барок On Wikipedia in 16 of 32 languages
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Нидерландска From Харлем Dutch Golden Age On Wikipedia in 24 of 32 languages
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Италиански From Пиаченца Барокко, Ведутизъм On Wikipedia in 26 of 32 languages
Giovanni Paolo Pannini’s formative years were marked by rigorous instruction in classical art principles. He began his artistic education in Piacenza under Giuseppe Natali and Andrea Galluzzi, absorbing foundational techniques in disegno (drawing) and quadratura (scenic perspective).
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Нидерландски From Амстердам Холландски Златен Век On Wikipedia in 23 of 32 languages
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Италианец From Неапол Барок On Wikipedia in 24 of 32 languages
Portrait of a Man. По целия континент Лувър в Париж поддържа неговото присъствие чрез неговото „Героично сражение“ от 1652 г.
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Холандец From Лайден Холандски златен век, лейденски фийншилдери On Wikipedia in 22 of 32 languages
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Нидерландски From Енхуйзен Романтизъм On Wikipedia in 23 of 32 languages
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Френска From Париж Романтизъм, Неокласицизъм On Wikipedia in 21 of 32 languages
Born in Paris in 1733, Hubert Robert entered a world where his family's social standing was tied to the service of others.
See them at The preservation of Robert’s prolific output is spread across several major international institutions, reflecting the reach of his influence during the late eighteenth century.
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Френска From Троа Барок On Wikipedia in 24 of 32 languages
Mignard le Romain, както е бил известен, оставя след себе си творби, които продължават да очароват и вдъхновяват, предлагайки прозорец към пищния свят на Франция през 17-ти век и майсторството на един велик портретист.
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Италианец From Ченто Барокко On Wikipedia in 25 of 32 languages
Guercino остава фигура от голямо значение в историята на бароковата живопис, символ на светлина и сянка, драма и дълбочина – художник, който умееше да улавя същността на човешкото преживяване и да я представя с неподражаема красота.
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Холандец From Зволе Холандски Златен век On Wikipedia in 21 of 32 languages
The Concert, датираща от 1675 г., показва утвърден художник, все още погълнат от играта на светлина и сянка в музикална обстановка. Способността му да предаде блясъка на полирани повърхности и деликатното плетение на драперии остава константа през всичките десетилетия на неговата практика. The Ratification of the Treaty of Münster, 15 May 1648.
Pictures worth knowing
When it happened
Fun figures
| Италия | 24 |
|---|---|
| Нидерландия | 20 |
| Франция | 20 |
| Обединено кралство | 9 |
| Испания | 7 |
| Белгия | 7 |
| Япония | 5 |
| САЩ | 3 |
| 16th century | 22 |
|---|---|
| 17th century | 44 |
| 18th century | 34 |
| Лувър | 25 |
|---|---|
| Метрополитън Музей на изкуствата | 14 |
| Национална галерия | 11 |
| Rijksmuseum | 10 |
| Държавен музей „Ермитаж“ | 9 |
| Музей Прадо | 9 |
| Mauritshuis | 8 |
| Галерия Уфици | 7 |
Just the names
Good questions
Рембранд ван Рейн (#1) is first in this ranking, followed by Микеланджело да Караваджо (#2) and Диего Веласкес (#3).
Рембранд ван Рейн (#1), Микеланджело да Караваджо (#2), Диего Веласкес (#3), Франсиско Гоя (#4) and Петер Паул Рубенс (#5).
The highest-ranked painters born in Нидерландия are Рембранд ван Рейн (#1), Йоханес Вермер (#6), Якоб ван Ройсдал (#26), Ян Стен (#29) and Питер Де Хох (#34).
The earliest-born painter in this list is Микеланджело да Караваджо (#2), born in 1571.
Most painters in this list were born in the 17th century (44 of 100), between 1571 and 1769 overall.
Италия: 24 of the 100 painters in this list were born there, then Нидерландия (20) and Франция (20).
“Instead, he applied oil paint directly onto the plaster walls of his home.” — from our biography of Франсиско Гоя (#4).
Париж: 8 of the painters in this list were born there.
The museums holding the most key works of this list are Лувър (25), Метрополитън Музей на изкуствата (14) and Национална галерия (11).
The highest-ranked painters born in Италия are Микеланджело да Караваджо (#2), Артемизия Джентилески (#8), Каналето (#21), Джовани Батиста Тиеполо (#22) and Гуидо Рени (#25).
6 women are in this ranking: Артемизия Джентилески (#8), Елизабет Виже-Льо Брюн (#13), Ангелика Кауфман (#41), Юдит Янс Лейстър (#87), Рахел Руйсх (#95) and Розалка Кариера (#96).
Our catalogue holds 33,589 works by these painters. Each one can be ordered as a hand-painted oil reproduction or a print.
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