Closed Eyes 1 by Odilon Redon: A Journey into Symbolism
“Closed Eyes 1” by Odilon Redon is a captivating piece that embodies the essence of Post-Impressionism and Symbolism. Created in oil on canvas, this artwork showcases the artist's skill in crafting a dreamy and serene atmosphere. The subject, a woman with blue eyes, is depicted wearing a blue veil or hood, adding to the sense of tranquility and relaxation.
Artistic Style and Influences
Odilon Redon’s work was heavily influenced by the Symbolist movement, which emphasized the representation of emotions and ideas rather than realistic depictions. This is evident in “Closed Eyes 1,” where the woman's closed eyes convey a sense of introspection and calmness. The use of blue tones in the painting also adds to the soothing ambiance, creating a sense of harmony between the subject and the viewer.
The woman’s peaceful expression, which invites the viewer to contemplate and reflect
The use of contrasting colors, such as blue and yellow, to create a visually striking composition
The dreamlike quality of the painting, which is characteristic of Odilon Redon's Post-Impressionist style
Detailed Description & Technique
Overall Impression: The artwork presents a stylized depiction of a female figure, likely representing the Virgin Mary, enveloped in a deep blue robe and partially obscured by a golden halo. The composition is dominated by two contrasting colors: a rich, saturated gold on the lower portion of the canvas and a deep, intense ultramarine blue for the figure’s head and robes.
The style leans towards Byzantine iconography with its simplified forms and emphasis on spiritual symbolism. Lines are largely smooth and flowing, creating an ethereal quality. Shapes are predominantly rounded and organic, particularly in the depiction of the face and drapery. Texture appears to be achieved through thick impasto brushstrokes, especially noticeable in the gold area, adding a tactile dimension to the piece.
Lighting is diffused and even, suggesting a single light source illuminating the figure from above. Perspective is minimal; it’s a flat, two-dimensional representation. Depth is largely implied through color contrast rather than traditional perspective techniques. The technique is clearly oil paint applied thickly, creating visible brushstrokes and a textured surface.
Symbolism & Interpretation
The subject matter centers on religious iconography – specifically, a representation of Mary. Symbolic elements include:
The blue robe (often associated with mourning and piety)
The golden halo (representing divinity)
The serene expression of the face, conveying a sense of peace and contemplation
The painting evokes feelings of solemnity, reverence, and spiritual grace. It suggests mystery and devotion, inviting viewers to explore themes of introspection and tranquility.
Historical Context & Legacy
“Closed Eyes 1” was created around 1894, a period when Redon was exploring the possibilities of color after primarily working in black and white lithographs. The painting reflects the broader Symbolist movement's interest in exploring inner worlds and spiritual themes through art. Musee Gustave Moreau in Paris, France, is another notable institution that showcases the works of Symbolist artists like Gustave Moreau. Visitors can explore the museum's collection to gain a deeper understanding of the artistic movement and its influences.
