A Pioneer of Modern Portuguese Architecture: Francisco Keil do Amaral Francisco Caetano Keil Coelho do Amaral, 2nd Viscount of Pedralva (1910-1975), stands as a pivotal figure in the development of modern architecture in Portugal. More than simply an architect, he was a painter and photographer whose unique vision sought to reconcile the principles of rational design with a deep respect for traditional Portuguese building practices. His career unfolded during the complex political landscape of the Estado Novo regime, where he navigated a path independent of both its historicist tendencies an…