Artist
Victor Pasmore: A Pioneer of British Abstraction
Early Life and Education
Edwin John Victor Pasmore was born on December 3, 1908, in Chelsham, Surrey.
He received his early education at Summer Fields School in Oxford and Harrow in West London.
A turning point came with the death of his father in 1927, forcing him to take an administrative position at the London County Council.
He pursued painting part-time at the Central School of Art and became associated with the Euston Road School.
Figurative Beginnings and Wartime Experiences
Initially, Pasmore experimented with abstraction but later adopted a lyrical figurative style.
His early works often depicted views of the River Thames from Hammersmith, reminiscent of J.M.W. Turner and James McNeill Whistler.
A strong moral stance: During World War II, Pasmore was a conscientious objector.
After being refused recognition by his local tribunal, he was called up for military service in 1942. He refused orders and was court-martialed, receiving a 123-day prison sentence.
He successfully appealed this decision and gained unconditional exemption from military service.
The Shift to Abstraction
Pasmore’s breakthrough into abstract art occurred around 1947, profoundly influenced by Piet Mondrian and Paul Klee.
He was inspired by their writings on nature and the creation of dynamic harmony in art, believing it foreshadowed a future societal harmony.
Key Influences: He also drew inspiration from Ben Nicholson and other artists associated with Circle.
His abstract work often involved collage and construction of reliefs, pioneering the use of new materials and sometimes reaching large architectural scales.
Major Achievements and Architectural Integration
Revolutionary Impact: Herbert Read described Pasmore’s new style as “the most revolutionary event in post-war British art.”
In 1950, he was commissioned to create an abstract mural for a bus depot in Kingston upon Thames.
He contributed a mural to the Festival of Britain in 1951, showcasing several British constructivists.
The Apollo Pavilion: In 1955, he became Consulting Director of Architectural Design for Peterlee Development Corporation. The centerpiece of this project was the abstract public art structure, the Apollo Pavilion, which sparked considerable controversy but remains a significant landmark.
International Recognition and Later Life
Pasmore represented Britain at the 1961 Venice Biennale and participated in Documenta II in Kassel (1959).
He served as a trustee of the Tate Gallery, donating numerous works to its collection.
Educational Contributions: He was a leading figure in promoting abstract art and reforming fine art education.
From 1954 to 1961, he led the art course at King’s College, Durham (Newcastle upon Tyne), developing an influential general art and design course inspired by the Bauhaus.
He moved to Malta in 1966 and died in Gudja on January 23, 1998, at the age of 89.
Legacy and Historical Significance
Victor Pasmore’s work marked a turning point in British art, establishing abstraction as a vital force.
His integration of art and architecture challenged conventional boundaries and influenced subsequent generations of artists and designers.
The Victor Pasmore Gallery, inaugurated in Malta in 2014, houses a permanent exhibition of his works created during his time there.
Museum
On show in Wakefield, United Kingdom
The Hepworth Wakefield: A Sanctuary of Sculpture and Light
Located on the south side of the River Calder in Wakefield, West Yorkshire, The Hepworth Wakefield is more than just a gallery; it’s an architectural statement and a testament to Barbara Hepworth's legacy—a celebration of British modernist art that continues to inspire visitors today. Opened in 2011 by David Chipperfield Architects, this building embodies the spirit of its namesake: simplicity, elegance, and a profound connection with the surrounding landscape.
Architectural Marvel:
Designed by David Chipperfield, the gallery’s ten trapezoidal blocks are clad in pigmented concrete—a groundbreaking material choice that reflects Wakefield's industrial heritage while embracing a strikingly modern aesthetic.
Hepworth Legacy:
The collection houses over 400 sculptures and drawings by Barbara Hepworth, showcasing her pioneering approach to form, space, and material – from early figurative works to increasingly abstract explorations of the human figure.
Diverse Artistic Voices:
Beyond Hepworth’s contributions, The Hepworth Wakefield champions a rich tapestry of British modern and contemporary artists including Henry Moore, Helen Chadwick, and David Hockney, fostering dialogue between masters and emerging talent.
A History Rooted in Tradition
The gallery's origins lie in Wakefield Art Gallery, established in 1923 as a local cultural institution—a space dedicated to nurturing artistic appreciation within the community. However, it was the ambitious vision to create a purpose-built venue worthy of honoring Hepworth’s influence and furthering British sculpture that propelled its transformation into The Hepworth Wakefield.
Early Years:
Wakefield Art Gallery initially focused on displaying works by European masters alongside regional artists.
The Prize Initiative:
Launched in 2015, the Hepworth Prize for Sculpture provides a crucial platform for supporting emerging sculptural talent and bolstering British artistic innovation.
Recognition & Awards:
The gallery’s architectural brilliance was acknowledged with the UK's Museum of the Year Award in 2017—a testament to its commitment to excellence and engagement with visitors.
Exploring Contemporary Art Through Sculpture
The Hepworth Wakefield distinguishes itself through its unwavering dedication to showcasing contemporary art, particularly sculpture. Its curators strive to present exhibitions that challenge perceptions and ignite intellectual curiosity – fostering a deeper understanding of artistic expression and its role in shaping our cultural landscape.
Recent Exhibitions:
Highlights include retrospectives dedicated to artists like Helen Chadwick, offering fresh perspectives on groundbreaking work, and explorations of diverse artistic mediums.
Community Engagement:
Workshops, educational programs, and events extend The Hepworth Wakefield’s reach beyond its galleries—connecting with local audiences and promoting artistic literacy.
A Unique Destination:
Combining architectural grandeur with a vibrant artistic program, The Hepworth Wakefield provides an immersive experience for art lovers seeking inspiration and fostering appreciation for British heritage.
Beyond Walls: A Celebration of Sculpture’s Influence
The Hepworth Wakefield's ethos transcends mere display; it embodies a belief in sculpture’s ability to communicate emotion, provoke thought, and enrich our understanding of the world around us. Its commitment to supporting emerging artists ensures that British sculpture continues to evolve—inspiring future generations of creatives and enriching cultural discourse.
The Tim Sayer Bequest:
The gallery acquired Hepworth’s Sculpture with Colour (Oval Form) Pale Blue and Red (1943)—a monumental artwork previously sold at auction—thanks to a generous bequest from Tim Sayer, bolstering its collection of celebrated British artists.
Ongoing Research & Collaboration:
Partnerships with institutions like the Art Fund underscore The Hepworth Wakefield’s dedication to advancing artistic scholarship and fostering dialogue between art and society.
