Paper

Student Artwork Guide

Comedia

Name Class Date

Thomas Wilmer Dewing, Comedia (1894), Philadelphia Museum of Art. Public domain. See this canvas under a moving light: the drawing, the true colour under the varnish, the bare pigment

The facts

Artist
Thomas Wilmer Dewing artsdot.com/en/artists/thomas-wilmer-dewing/
Artist’s dates
1851 – 1938
Painted
1894
Medium
Oil On Panel
Movement
Tonalism Quiet landscapes wrapped in mist and shadow, built from a narrow range of closely related tones.
Period
19th Century
Held at
Philadelphia Museum of Art artsdot.com/en/museums/philadelphia-museum-of-art-philadelphia/
Artistic style
Tonalist Portraiture
Influences
Gustave Boulanger, Jules Lefebvre
Notable elements or techniques
Atmospheric Rendering
Subject or theme
Female Figure

In context

Comedia — Thomas Wilmer Dewing

When was this painted?

  1. 1850
  2. 1860
  3. 1870
  4. 1880
  5. 1890
  6. 1900
  7. 1910
  8. 1920
  9. 1930

Row above: the years. Row below: how old the artist was at the start and at the end of each span — 0 at birth, 87 at death.

Painted when the artist was 43. The artist lived to 87. 27 of the 70 dated works by this artist in our catalogue came earlier.

Shaded: the lifetime of Thomas Wilmer Dewing (1851–1938) ▲ this work, 1894 every dated painting, decade by decade

First works: up to 1890 Main working years: 1890–1907 Late works: from 1907

Those three bands split the works this catalogue has a date for into a first quarter, a middle half and a last quarter. They are not the artist’s complete output: a thin stretch may be a gap in the record rather than a quiet spell. The same years with the artist’s life laid along them

Compare with

Pick one work above: name two things it shares with this one, and one thing that's different.

More works to set beside this one: artsdot.com/en/art/similar/thomas-wilmer-dewing-comedia-8LT9DD-en/

Colours

Measured from the image

    Main colour

    Phthalo Green #212713

    Catalogued palette

    • #212713
    • #76873F
    • #C2BD5B
    • #3F5724

    These colours inside the artist’s whole palette Find other paintings by colour

    Palette
    Dark The dominant colour family in the image.
    Main colour name
    Phthalo Green
    Intensity
    Balanced How saturated and varied the colours are, from a single toned-down hue to many bright ones.
    Contrast
    Bold How much the colours differ in lightness and saturation across the picture.
    Harmony
    Unified Palette How well the colours work together, from clashing to fully unified.
    Brightness
    Deep_shadow How light or dark the picture reads overall, from deep shadow to bright highlight.
    Saturation
    Balanced Soft How pure and strong the colours are, from near-grey to fully vivid.

    Where in the world is this painting looked at?

    • under 1%
    • 1–3%
    • 3–8%
    • 8–20%
    • 20% and over
    This painting alone has too few recorded visitors to map, so the plate reads every work by Thomas Wilmer Dewing over the last twelve months — 7 countries in all. Where these figures come from

    The ten leading countries

    1. 1 China 75.6%
    2. 2 United States of America 9.8%
    3. 3 Hong Kong 4.9%
    4. 4 Japan 2.4%
    5. 5 Malaysia 2.4%
    6. 6 Poland 2.4%
    7. 7 Singapore 2.4%

    Find the three darkest countries on the map. Is the museum that keeps this painting in any of them? Write down one reason people far away might look at it.

    The 20 most looked-at works by Thomas Wilmer Dewing

    1. 1 The Recitation 16.3%
    2. 2 BeforeAMirror, 1910 8.2%
    3. 3 The Song, 1891 6.1%
    4. 4 Lady with a Cello 4.1%
    5. 5 The Hermit Thrush, 1893 4.1%
    6. 6 Green and Gold 4.1%
    7. 7 Woman in a Blue Dress 4.1%
    8. 8 Mrs. Delancey Kane (Eleanora A. Iselin) (ca. 1851 1938), (painting), 1888 4.1%
    9. 9 Music, 1895 2.0%
    10. 10 Lady in White (No. 1), 1910 2.0%
    11. 11 Summer (also known as Moonrise), 1893 2.0%
    12. 12 The Pink Dress, 1894 2.0%
    13. 13 A Reading, 1897 2.0%
    14. 14 In the Garden, 1894 2.0%
    15. 15 The Hermit Thrush, 1890 2.0%
    16. 16 Lady in Blue, 1910 2.0%
    17. 17 The Song and the Cello, 1910 2.0%
    18. 18 Portrait of a Lady, 1895 2.0%
    19. 19 Woman in Pink 2.0%
    20. — Comedia, 1894 this painting 0.0%

    Together these works take 73.1% of all the attention this artist's paintings received over the last twelve months. The catalogue holds 115 works by this artist, of which 32 were looked at at least once. This painting has not been looked at yet in that time — it closes the list without a rank. The same counts, month by month

    Bars measure attention, not quality. Pick the work at the top and this one: name one thing that might make a painting famous beyond how well it is painted.

    About this artwork

    Comedia — Thomas Wilmer Dewing

    A Vision of Tonalist Grace

    In the quietude of Thomas Wilmer Dewing’s 1894 masterpiece, Comedia, viewers are invited into a realm where the boundaries between reality and dream begin to dissolve. This exquisite portrait, featuring the artist's wife and fellow painter Maria Oakey Dewing, serves as a definitive cornerstone of American Tonalism. Rather than striving for the sharp, photographic precision found in much of the era's realism, Dewing sought to capture the very essence of an atmosphere. The painting breathes with a soft, rhythmic pulse, utilizing a palette of subdued earth tones—ochre, umber, and sienna—to create a sense of velvety depth. It is a work that does not demand attention through loud colors, but rather commands it through a profound, whispered elegance that lingers in the mind long after the first encounter.

    The technical mastery on display in Comedia is nothing short of extraordinary. Dewing, having refined his skills at the prestigious Académie Julian in Paris, employed a sophisticated method of glazing, applying translucent layers of pigment to build a luminous, inner glow. This technique allows light to appear as if it is emanating from within the subject herself, rather than merely reflecting off her surface. The interplay of shadow and soft illumination creates an ethereal quality, transforming a simple interior space into a sanctuary of contemplation. For the discerning collector or interior designer, this painting offers a sophisticated focal point, bringing a sense of calm, refined luxury and historical weight to any curated space.

    Symbolism and the Inner Landscape

    Beyond its technical brilliance, Comedia is a profound exploration of psychological depth and introspection. The composition is masterfully balanced; the subject stands with her hands resting confidently on her hips, yet her gaze is turned inward, suggesting a rich, private world of thought. This duality—the outward poise of an aristocratic figure contrasted with the inward retreat of the soul—is central to the painting's emotional impact. The choice of a deep blue dress against a muted, verdant backdrop creates a harmonious color relationship that underscores the theme of tranquility and stability.

    Every element within the frame contributes to this narrative of quiet strength. The subtle textures of the fabric and the soft, diffused light work in tandem to evoke a mood of melancholic beauty, reminiscent of the English Aestheticism movement. To possess a reproduction of such a piece is to bring more than just decoration into a home; it is to invite an atmosphere of intellectual depth and poetic stillness. Comedia remains a timeless testament to the power of suggestion, proving that the most profound stories are often told in the softest tones.

    Artist and museum

    Artist

    Thomas Wilmer Dewing

    Born in Boston, United States of America

    **early life and training**

    thomas wilmer dewing, an american painter, was born on may 4, 1851, in boston, massachusetts. his artistic journey began with a lithographic apprenticeship, which later led him to the prestigious académie julian in paris, where he studied under gustave boulanger and jules lefebvre starting from 1887.

    **artistic style and notable works**

    dewing's artistic style is characterized by his tonalist paintings, a genre deeply rooted in english aestheticism. his preferred subjects were aristocratic women, often depicted in moody, dreamlike surroundings, playing instruments or engaging in introspective activities. woman in black: portrait of maria oakey dewing (1887), a poignant oil on panel, showcases his wife, an accomplished painter with extensive formal art training. *lady in gold* (1912), now at the brooklyn museum, exemplifies his mastery of capturing the essence of his subjects.

    **teaching and associations**

    dewing was a founding member of the ten american painters in 1898 and taught at the art students league of new york. his association with the society of landscape painters, founded in 1899, further solidified his position within the tonalist movement.

    **legacy and collections**

    * the freer gallery of art at the smithsonian institution has a dedicated room for dewing's works. * notable collectors include john gellatly and charles lang freer.

    view thomas wilmer dewing's collection on AllPaintingsStore

    more on thomas dewing at wikipedia

    explore the freer gallery of art at the smithsonian institution for more tonalist masterpieces.

    **later life and death**

    dewing's artistic output declined after 1920. he passed away in new york on november 5, 1938, leaving behind a legacy of captivating, ethereal portraits that continue to intrigue art enthusiasts. *key works and collections available for reproduction at AllPaintingsStore: the white dress woman in black: portrait of maria oakey dewing lady in gold discover the world's most famous paintings with AllPaintingsStore's extensive collection

    Museum

    Philadelphia Museum of Art

    On show in Philadelphia, United States of America

    A Sanctuary of Artistic Voices: The Philadelphia Museum of Art

    Nestled on the crest of Benjamin Franklin Parkway in the heart of Philadelphia, the Philadelphia Museum of Art is more than just a repository for art; it’s an immersive experience, a testament to centuries of human creativity and a vibrant reflection of American culture. From its humble beginnings as a showcase for the Centennial Exposition to its current status as one of the nation's premier art institutions, the museum has consistently evolved while remaining deeply rooted in its rich history. The iconic steps, immortalized in the film Rocky, beckon visitors not just to admire the building’s grandeur but to participate in a shared cultural narrative—a symbol of perseverance and the enduring power of artistic aspiration. More than simply displaying masterpieces, the museum invites contemplation, sparking dialogue and fostering a profound connection between the viewer and the art itself.

    The story begins with the grand vision of the 1876 Centennial Exposition. Initially conceived as a showcase for applied arts and sciences—a celebration of industry and innovation—it quickly blossomed into a comprehensive institution dedicated to preserving and exhibiting art from across globe. The architectural design, spearheaded by Horace Trumbauer and brought to life through the crucial contributions of Julian Abele—the first African-American graduate of the University of Pennsylvania’s Department of Architecture—is itself a work of art. Constructed from Minnesota dolomite, the building exudes an elegance and grandeur befitting its contents, a physical embodiment of artistic ideals. Abele's meticulous detailing – the delicate carvings, the precisely placed columns, the subtle variations in stone texture – adds a layer of refined beauty that elevates the entire structure beyond mere functionality. It’s a building designed not just to house art, but to celebrate it, a harmonious blend of classical inspiration and modern sensibility.

    Stepping inside is akin to embarking on a journey through time and across continents. The museum's collection boasts over 240,000 objects, encompassing an astonishing range of artistic mediums and historical periods. European paintings dominate the early galleries, offering a sweeping panorama from the Renaissance masters—Botticelli’s ethereal Venus, a study in delicate color and idealized beauty, Rembrandt’s dramatic lighting, capturing both the grandeur and vulnerability of human experience, to the Impressionists—Monet’s shimmering water lilies, evoking the fleeting nature of light and atmosphere, Renoir’s joyful gatherings, brimming with life and the celebration of everyday moments. However, to limit the museum to its European holdings would be a profound disservice. A comprehensive survey of American art unfolds before the visitor’s eyes, tracing the evolution of artistic expression within the United States from colonial times to contemporary explorations. This section provides a rich understanding of how America's unique cultural landscape has shaped its artistic identity, showcasing works by artists like William Michael Harnett, whose “Still Life: Writing Table” exemplifies the mastery of trompe-l’œil realism—a technique so convincing that it appears to leap off the canvas, blurring the line between art and reality, and Nettie Pettway Young, whose iconic Gee’s Bend quilts embody the spirit of African American artistry—each stitch a testament to tradition, resilience, and profound storytelling. Beyond Europe and America, the museum extends its reach across continents with an extensive collection of Asian art—ceramics, bronzes, paintings, and sculptures that offer glimpses into the region's profound artistic heritage, including the exquisite works of Gim Eung-won, a Korean master painter renowned for his intricate depictions of orchids and rocks – capturing both their delicate beauty and the strength of nature.

    A Living Cultural Hub: Exhibitions and Engagement

    The Philadelphia Museum of Art is not merely a place to view art; it’s a space designed to foster engagement and inspire creativity. The museum consistently hosts rotating special exhibitions that bring fresh perspectives and introduce new artists to the public eye, ranging from groundbreaking retrospectives celebrating the legacies of masters like Cézanne – exemplified by his poignant “Seated Peasant,” a study in muted tones and expressive brushstrokes – to thematic explorations of specific artistic movements. These initiatives ensure that the museum remains a dynamic cultural hub, constantly evolving and adapting to the needs of its community. Beyond these temporary displays, the museum offers a wealth of educational programs tailored for audiences of all ages—from family workshops and school tours designed to spark curiosity in young minds, to lectures and artist talks offering insights into the creative process, making art accessible and engaging for everyone.

    Architectural Marvels and Historical Context

    The building itself is an integral part of the museum’s story. The original design by Horace Trumbauer, complemented by Julian Abele's masterful detailing, reflects a commitment to architectural grandeur and artistic harmony. However, the museum’s evolution has continued through significant expansions and renovations. The addition of the Rodin Museum, housing Auguste Rodin’s iconic sculptures including The Thinker, provides a dedicated space for this influential artist’s work – a powerful meditation on contemplation and humanity's inner struggles, and more recently, the Perelman Building, designed by Frank Gehry, opened in 2007, dramatically reshaping the interior and adding new galleries for prints, drawings, photographs, and design objects. This modern addition seamlessly integrates with the historic building, creating a dynamic and visually stunning space – a testament to the museum’s ability to embrace innovation while honoring its past.

    A Legacy of Innovation and Expansion

    Throughout its history, the Philadelphia Museum of Art has demonstrated a commitment to growth and innovation. The museum’s dedication to diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility is reflected in ongoing efforts to ensure that all visitors feel welcome and valued. The Core Project, completed in 2021, represents a monumental investment in the museum's future, transforming the interior with new galleries, improved circulation, and enhanced visitor amenities. The addition of stunning views of the city skyline from the renovated spaces further elevates the visitor experience. “Rocky Steps” themselves are more than just a visual landmark; they’re a symbol of determination and achievement, attracting visitors from around globe who come to reenact the iconic scene and connect with the spirit of perseverance. The museum's commitment extends beyond its main building, encompassing the historic colonial-era houses of Mount Pleasant and Cedar Grove in Fairmount Park, adding another layer to its historical significance and offering a glimpse into Philadelphia’s past.

    Where to read more

    Find this online

    QR code linking to the download page for Comedia

    artsdot.com/en/art/download/thomas-wilmer-dewing-comedia-8LT9DD-en/

    Cite this artwork

    MLA
    Dewing, Thomas Wilmer. Comedia. 1894, Philadelphia Museum of Art. https://artsdot.com/en/art/thomas-wilmer-dewing-comedia-8LT9DD-en/
    APA
    Dewing, Thomas Wilmer (1894). Comedia [Painting]. Philadelphia Museum of Art. https://artsdot.com/en/art/thomas-wilmer-dewing-comedia-8LT9DD-en/
    Chicago
    Thomas Wilmer Dewing. Comedia. 1894. Philadelphia Museum of Art. https://artsdot.com/en/art/thomas-wilmer-dewing-comedia-8LT9DD-en/
    Harvard
    Dewing, Thomas Wilmer (1894) Comedia. Philadelphia Museum of Art. Available at: https://artsdot.com/en/art/thomas-wilmer-dewing-comedia-8LT9DD-en/

    Look closely

    Comedia — Thomas Wilmer Dewing

    Look closely

    Answer in your own words. There are no wrong answers here — only answers you can explain.

    1. What catches your eye first, and why?
    2. Which colours or shapes create the mood — and what is that mood?
    3. Our catalogue files this work under: portrait painting, elegant woman, blue dress art. Do you agree? What would you add, or take away?
    4. Look back at Standing Figure with Outstretched Arm, earlier in this guide. Name two things it shares with this work, and one that is different.
    5. Tonalism: Quiet landscapes wrapped in mist and shadow, built from a narrow range of closely related tones. Where can you see that in this work?

    Your response

    Write a short paragraph about this artwork. Use the facts from the earlier parts of this guide, and your answers above.

    Art quiz

    Comedia — Thomas Wilmer Dewing

    How well do you know this artwork?

    Tick one answer for each of the 5 questions below. Each has exactly one correct answer.

    1. 1. What artistic movement is Thomas Wilmer Dewing primarily associated with?

      • A Impressionism
      • B Realism
      • C Tonalism
    2. 2. The painting depicts a woman in what attire?

      • A A simple peasant dress
      • B A flamboyant Victorian gown
      • C A blue dress with gold belt
    3. 3. Where was Thomas Wilmer Dewing trained initially?

      • A Royal Academy of Art, London
      • B École Supérieure des Beaux-Arts, Paris
      • C New York School of Art
    4. 4. What is the predominant mood conveyed by 'Comedia'?

      • A Joyful celebration
      • B Quiet contemplation
      • C Dramatic action
    5. 5. Which artist influenced Dewing significantly during his studies in Paris?

      • A Claude Monet
      • B Vincent van Gogh
      • C Gustave Boulanger

    My score: ____ out of 5

    Answer key — for the teacher

    This starts a fresh printed page, so it can simply be left out of the copies.

    1C · 2C · 3B · 4B · 5C

    Check any answer against the catalogue record for this painting

    Questions & Answers

    How does the style of "Comedia" relate to its creator's era?

    "Comedia" belongs to the Tonalism movement, and its creator worked in the 19th-Century era.

    Who created "Comedia" and in what year?

    "Comedia" was created by Thomas Wilmer Dewing in 1894.

    Does "Comedia" show strong light-dark contrasts?

    "Comedia" by Thomas Wilmer Dewing shows a bold contrast between its light and dark areas.