Student Artwork Guide
Copyright This work is in the public domain. Hashimoto Kansetsu died in 1945; copyright lasts 70 years after the artist’s death, so it ended in 2015.
In context
Monkeys — Hashimoto Kansetsu
The original measures 139 × 158 cm (height × width), drawn here beside an adult of average height.
Row above: the years. Row below: how old the artist was at the start and at the end of each span — 0 at birth, 62 at death.
Painted when the artist was 50. The artist lived to 62. 1 of the 3 dated works by this artist in our catalogue came earlier.
Shaded: the lifetime of Hashimoto Kansetsu (1883–1945) ▲ this work, 1933 every dated painting, decade by decade
Pick one work above: name two things it shares with this one, and one thing that's different.
More works to set beside this one: artsdot.com/en/art/similar/hashimoto-kansetsu-monkeys-D78U84-en/
Measured from the image
Main colour
Rosy Brown #bab193
Catalogued palette
These colours inside the artist’s whole palette Find other paintings by colour
About this artwork
Monkeys — Hashimoto Kansetsu
Two black monkeys, depicted in a realistic style, sit in a tree painted in light colors. The composition is a simple one, and the poses of the monkeys and the twisting branches of the tree generate a sense of space. The theme of monkeys in trees, as in this painting of two black monkeys, has a tradition that can be traced back to Chinese painting. Hashimoto Kansetsu was well versed in both classical Chinese literature and Asian painting, for he had been taught the Chinese classics by his father, a Confucian scholar of the Akashi fief, from his childhood and had studied painting under Takeuchi Seiho in Kyoto. He particularly excelled in painting animals, establishing a unique style by depicting Southern themes based on the Shijo school’s manner of sketching from life. Monkeys is a late masterpiece, which shows well the artist’s individuality. The face of the monkey in the foreground is positioned at the center of the picture, and the line from its left foot to its right hand forms a diagonal. The tree, meanwhile, is confined almost entirely to the bottom right of the picture. The monkey’s hand reaches into the air toward the upper left, as if trying to grasp something, and we realize how Hashimoto needed the full size of this picture to give meaning to this space. Through his skillful handling of a composition defined only by monkeys and tree, Hashimoto Kansetsu has achieved a spatial expression of great spiritual depth, which differs in dimension from that achieved by the Western system of perspective that was strongly influencing Japanese style painting at the time. (Writer : Masato Satsuma Source : Selected Masterpieces from The University Art Museum, Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music: Grand Opening Exhibition, The University Art Museum, Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music, 1999)
Artist and museum
Born in Kobe, Japan
Born: November 10, 1883, Kobe, Japan
Died: February 26, 1945
Nationality: Japanese
Artistic Movement: Nihonga
Hashimoto Kansetsu was born into a family of artists; his father, Hashimoto Kaikan, was also a painter. This upbringing instilled in him a deep appreciation for art and Chinese culture.
He initially studied at Chikujokai, a private school founded by the renowned nihonga painter Takeuchi Seihō. However, he left due to differing artistic viewpoints.
His early training focused on mastering traditional Japanese painting techniques and absorbing influences from both Japanese and Chinese art traditions.
Nihonga Specialization: Kansetsu dedicated his career to Nihonga, a style of Japanese painting that emerged during the Meiji period, emphasizing traditional Japanese aesthetics and techniques while incorporating elements of Western art.
Chinese Inspiration: A significant influence on Kansetsu's work was Chinese scenery and classical literature. He frequently visited China, drawing inspiration from its landscapes and literary heritage.
Themes & Subjects: His paintings often depicted scenes inspired by Chinese poetry and historical narratives, showcasing his erudition and artistic skill. Common subjects included figures, animals (particularly monkeys and dogs), and landscapes imbued with a sense of tranquility and elegance.
Style Characteristics: Kansetsu's style is characterized by meticulous detail, refined brushwork, and a harmonious use of color. He skillfully blended traditional Japanese techniques with subtle Western influences, creating a unique and recognizable aesthetic.
Notable Paintings: Some of his most celebrated works include "Tang Dogs" (唐犬), depictions of monkeys, and paintings inspired by historical figures like Emperor Godaigo.
Museum Collections: His artworks are featured in prominent museums such as the Osaka City Museum of Fine Arts and the Honolulu Museum of Art.
Awards & Honors: Kansetsu received numerous awards throughout his career, including first prize at the Bunten exhibitions in 1916 and 1917. He was also appointed an Imperial Household Artist, a prestigious honor recognizing his contributions to Japanese art.
Contribution to Nihonga: Hashimoto Kansetsu played a crucial role in the development and popularization of Nihonga painting. His work helped define the style's aesthetic principles and established him as one of its leading figures.
Hakusasonso Museum: His former residence, now known as the Hakusasonso (Hashimoto Kansetsu Memorial House), serves as a museum showcasing his extensive body of work and preserving his artistic legacy.
Influence on Subsequent Artists: Kansetsu's influence can be seen in the works of later Japanese artists who continued to explore the possibilities of Nihonga, solidifying his place as an important figure in modern Japanese art history.
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Look closely
Monkeys — Hashimoto Kansetsu
Answer in your own words. There are no wrong answers here — only answers you can explain.
Write a short paragraph about this artwork. Use the facts from the earlier parts of this guide, and your answers above.
"Monkeys" by Hashimoto Kansetsu has a bright balance luminance. Luminance describes how much light the colors appear to reflect.
"Monkeys" dates from 1933. The date places the work within Hashimoto Kansetsu's career and its era.
In terms of perceived brightness, "Monkeys" by Hashimoto Kansetsu is brilliant.