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Student Artwork Guide

Involute II

Name Class Date

Barbara Hepworth, Involute II (1956), The Hepworth Wakefield. Reproduced for reference; rights reserved by the rights holder.

The facts

Artist
Barbara Hepworth artsdot.com/en/artists/barbara-hepworth/
Artist’s dates
1903 – 1975
Painted
1956
Medium
Bronze Molten metal poured into a mould made from the artist’s model, then finished and polished by hand.
Movement
Modern Sculpture
Held at
The Hepworth Wakefield artsdot.com/en/museums/the-hepworth-wakefield-wakefield/
Artistic style
Abstract Sculpture
Influences
Abstraction-Création
Notable elements
Hole, spiraling form
Subject or theme
Geometric Form

In context

Involute II — Barbara Hepworth

When was this painted?

  1. 1900
  2. 1910
  3. 1920
  4. 1930
  5. 1940
  6. 1950
  7. 1960
  8. 1970

Shaded: the lifetime of Barbara Hepworth (1903–1975) ▲ this work, 1956

Compare with

Pick one work above: name two things it shares with this one, and one thing that's different.

More works to set beside this one: artsdot.com/en/art/similar/barbara-hepworth-involute-ii-D663YU-en/

Colours

Measured from the image

    Main colour

    Phthalo Green #242828

    Catalogued palette

    • #242828
    • #F3ECE6
    • #CBBDB5
    • #5A5B58
    Palette
    Neutrals The dominant colour family in the image.
    Main colour name
    Phthalo Green
    Intensity
    Monochromatic How saturated and varied the colours are, from a single toned-down hue to many bright ones.
    Contrast
    Statement How much the colours differ in lightness and saturation across the picture.
    Harmony
    Strong Color Unity How well the colours work together, from clashing to fully unified.
    Brightness
    Brilliant How light or dark the picture reads overall, from deep shadow to bright highlight.
    Saturation
    Muted How pure and strong the colours are, from near-grey to fully vivid.

    About this artwork

    Involute II — Barbara Hepworth

    Involute II: A Dance of Form and Void by Barbara Hepworth

    Dame Barbara Hepworth’s Involute II, created in 1956, is more than just a sculpture; it's an invitation to contemplate the relationship between form, space, and the very essence of movement. This remarkable bronze piece, currently available as a meticulously hand-painted reproduction from WahooArt.com, embodies Hepworth’s signature approach – a profound exploration of abstraction rooted in a deep understanding of natural forms. The sculpture itself is deceptively simple: a large, smoothly rendered sphere pierced by a carefully considered hole. Yet, within this apparent minimalism lies a complex interplay of visual and emotional resonance.

    Hepworth's fascination with the ‘hole’ – introduced in her work as early as 1931 – wasn’t merely a stylistic choice; it represented a fundamental shift in sculptural thinking. She sought to move beyond static representation, embracing instead the concept of an internal space, a void that simultaneously defines and disrupts the external form. Involute II exemplifies this perfectly. The sphere itself suggests wholeness, containment, and perhaps even the cosmos – while the aperture invites us to consider what lies beyond, creating a dynamic tension between interiority and exteriority.

    The Language of Form: Hepworth’s Technique

    Hepworth's technique was characterized by an extraordinary combination of direct carving and indirect methods. She began with rough blocks of stone or wood, meticulously shaping them using hand tools before transferring the forms to a plaster model. This process allowed her to refine the initial idea while retaining a tactile connection to the material. The bronze casting itself demanded immense skill – achieving the smooth, polished surface of Involute II required careful control over temperature and pressure during the molten metal process. The subtle variations in texture, achieved through abrasives and polishing, are testament to her dedication to capturing the nuances of form.

    Notably, Hepworth’s work was deeply influenced by her time in St Ives, Cornwall, where she collaborated with Ben Nicholson and other artists. This environment fostered a spirit of experimentation and a shared interest in exploring new ways of representing reality through abstraction. The Cornish landscape – its rugged coastline, swirling seas, and dramatic light – undoubtedly informed Hepworth’s artistic vision, contributing to the sense of dynamism and movement that permeates her sculptures.

    Symbolism and Emotional Impact

    The title itself, “Involute,” refers to a mathematical term describing a spiral curve—a concept that resonates powerfully with the sculpture's form. The spiraling shape evokes notions of growth, evolution, and the cyclical nature of life. The hole, then, isn’t simply an absence; it’s an active element, suggesting potential, transformation, and a connection to something beyond our immediate perception. It invites contemplation on themes of openness, vulnerability, and the search for meaning.

    Involute II is not merely a visually striking object; it's a deeply evocative work that speaks to the human condition. Its smooth surfaces and subtle textures invite tactile engagement, while its open form encourages introspection. As a reproduction from WahooArt.com, this piece retains the essence of Hepworth’s original vision – offering a beautiful and thought-provoking addition to any collection or interior space. The hand-painted detail ensures that every curve and texture is faithfully reproduced, capturing the spirit and artistry of this iconic sculpture.

    Bringing Involute II into Your Space

    Consider how Involute II might interact with your existing décor. Its neutral tones and flowing form will complement a wide range of styles, from minimalist modern to mid-century contemporary. The sculpture’s inherent dynamism can serve as a focal point in a room, drawing the eye and stimulating conversation. Whether displayed on a pedestal or integrated into a larger composition, Involute II is sure to become a cherished piece – a testament to Barbara Hepworth's enduring legacy and her profound understanding of the power of abstract form.

    Artist and museum

    Artist

    Barbara Hepworth

    Born in Wakefield, United Kingdom

    early life and education

    dame barbara hepworth, a renowned english artist and sculptor, was born on january 10, 1903, in wakefield, yorkshire. she attended the leeds school of art from 1920 and later won a county scholarship to study at the royal college of art (rca) in london from 1921 until she was awarded the diploma in 1924.

    artistic career

    dame barbara hepworth's work exemplifies modernism, particularly modern sculpture. she was one of the few female artists to achieve international prominence.

    in 1933, she co-founded the unit one art movement with ben nicholson, paul nash, and others, seeking to unite surrealism and abstraction in british art.

    hepworth's early work was characterized by abstraction and her involvement with the paris-based art movement, abstraction-création.

    notable works and exhibitions

    oval form (trezion), a bronze sculpture, is part of the kimbell art museum collection in fort worth, united states. (view on AllPaintingsStore)

    two forms, a sculpture, is exhibited at the hepworth wakefield in wakefield, united kingdom. (view on AllPaintingsStore)

    totem, a marble sculpture, is also part of the collection at the hepworth wakefield. (view on AllPaintingsStore)

    legacy and museum collections

    barbara hepworth's work is widely recognized, with her sculptures and paintings forming part of various museum collections worldwide. the hepworth wakefield, named after the artist, houses numerous masterpieces from renowned artists, including hepworth's own works. (discover more about the hepworth wakefield on AllPaintingsStore)

    conclusion

    dame barbara hepworth's pioneering work in modern british sculpture has left an indelible mark on the art world. her legacy continues to inspire artists and art enthusiasts alike, with her works remaining a testament to her innovative spirit and artistic genius. more about barbara hepworth on wikipedia

    Museum

    The Hepworth Wakefield

    On show in Wakefield, United Kingdom

    The Hepworth Wakefield: A Sanctuary of Sculpture and Light

    Located on the south side of the River Calder in Wakefield, West Yorkshire, The Hepworth Wakefield is more than just a gallery; it’s an architectural statement and a testament to Barbara Hepworth's legacy—a celebration of British modernist art that continues to inspire visitors today. Opened in 2011 by David Chipperfield Architects, this building embodies the spirit of its namesake: simplicity, elegance, and a profound connection with the surrounding landscape.

    Architectural Marvel:

    Designed by David Chipperfield, the gallery’s ten trapezoidal blocks are clad in pigmented concrete—a groundbreaking material choice that reflects Wakefield's industrial heritage while embracing a strikingly modern aesthetic.

    Hepworth Legacy:

    The collection houses over 400 sculptures and drawings by Barbara Hepworth, showcasing her pioneering approach to form, space, and material – from early figurative works to increasingly abstract explorations of the human figure.

    Diverse Artistic Voices:

    Beyond Hepworth’s contributions, The Hepworth Wakefield champions a rich tapestry of British modern and contemporary artists including Henry Moore, Helen Chadwick, and David Hockney, fostering dialogue between masters and emerging talent.

    A History Rooted in Tradition

    The gallery's origins lie in Wakefield Art Gallery, established in 1923 as a local cultural institution—a space dedicated to nurturing artistic appreciation within the community. However, it was the ambitious vision to create a purpose-built venue worthy of honoring Hepworth’s influence and furthering British sculpture that propelled its transformation into The Hepworth Wakefield.

    Early Years:

    Wakefield Art Gallery initially focused on displaying works by European masters alongside regional artists.

    The Prize Initiative:

    Launched in 2015, the Hepworth Prize for Sculpture provides a crucial platform for supporting emerging sculptural talent and bolstering British artistic innovation.

    Recognition & Awards:

    The gallery’s architectural brilliance was acknowledged with the UK's Museum of the Year Award in 2017—a testament to its commitment to excellence and engagement with visitors.

    Exploring Contemporary Art Through Sculpture

    The Hepworth Wakefield distinguishes itself through its unwavering dedication to showcasing contemporary art, particularly sculpture. Its curators strive to present exhibitions that challenge perceptions and ignite intellectual curiosity – fostering a deeper understanding of artistic expression and its role in shaping our cultural landscape.

    Recent Exhibitions:

    Highlights include retrospectives dedicated to artists like Helen Chadwick, offering fresh perspectives on groundbreaking work, and explorations of diverse artistic mediums.

    Community Engagement:

    Workshops, educational programs, and events extend The Hepworth Wakefield’s reach beyond its galleries—connecting with local audiences and promoting artistic literacy.

    A Unique Destination:

    Combining architectural grandeur with a vibrant artistic program, The Hepworth Wakefield provides an immersive experience for art lovers seeking inspiration and fostering appreciation for British heritage.

    Beyond Walls: A Celebration of Sculpture’s Influence

    The Hepworth Wakefield's ethos transcends mere display; it embodies a belief in sculpture’s ability to communicate emotion, provoke thought, and enrich our understanding of the world around us. Its commitment to supporting emerging artists ensures that British sculpture continues to evolve—inspiring future generations of creatives and enriching cultural discourse.

    The Tim Sayer Bequest:

    The gallery acquired Hepworth’s Sculpture with Colour (Oval Form) Pale Blue and Red (1943)—a monumental artwork previously sold at auction—thanks to a generous bequest from Tim Sayer, bolstering its collection of celebrated British artists.

    Ongoing Research & Collaboration:

    Partnerships with institutions like the Art Fund underscore The Hepworth Wakefield’s dedication to advancing artistic scholarship and fostering dialogue between art and society.

    Where to read more

    Find this online

    QR code linking to the download page for Involute II

    artsdot.com/en/art/download/barbara-hepworth-involute-ii-D663YU-en/

    Cite this artwork

    MLA
    Hepworth, Barbara. Involute II. 1956, The Hepworth Wakefield. https://artsdot.com/en/art/barbara-hepworth-involute-ii-D663YU-en/
    APA
    Hepworth, Barbara (1956). Involute II [Painting]. The Hepworth Wakefield. https://artsdot.com/en/art/barbara-hepworth-involute-ii-D663YU-en/
    Chicago
    Barbara Hepworth. Involute II. 1956. The Hepworth Wakefield. https://artsdot.com/en/art/barbara-hepworth-involute-ii-D663YU-en/
    Harvard
    Hepworth, Barbara (1956) Involute II. The Hepworth Wakefield. Available at: https://artsdot.com/en/art/barbara-hepworth-involute-ii-D663YU-en/

    Look closely

    Involute II — Barbara Hepworth

    Look closely

    Answer in your own words. There are no wrong answers here — only answers you can explain.

    1. What catches your eye first, and why?
    2. Which colours or shapes create the mood — and what is that mood?
    3. Our catalogue files this work under: bronze sculpture, geometric form, hole. Do you agree? What would you add, or take away?
    4. Look back at Three Forms, earlier in this guide. Name two things it shares with this work, and one that is different.
    5. Barbara Hepworth was about 53 when this was made. What in it looks like the work of an artist at that stage?

    Your response

    Write a short paragraph about this artwork. Use the facts from the earlier parts of this guide, and your answers above.

    Art quiz

    Involute II — Barbara Hepworth

    How well do you know this artwork?

    Tick one answer for each of the 5 questions below. Each has exactly one correct answer.

    1. 1. What is the primary material used in Barbara Hepworth’s sculpture, ‘Involute II’?

      • A Wood
      • B Bronze
      • C Marble
    2. 2. The title 'Involute II' refers to a mathematical term. What does this term describe?

      • A A type of flower
      • B A geometric curve
      • C A musical note
    3. 3. In what year was ‘Involute II’ created by Barbara Hepworth?

      • A 1933
      • B 1956
      • C 1968
    4. 4. What is the significance of the hole present in ‘Involute II’?

      • A It serves as a structural support.
      • B It creates an opening for light and space.
      • C It represents the artist's initials.
    5. 5. Barbara Hepworth was a key figure in which art movement?

      • A Fauvism
      • B Unit One
      • C Dadaism

    My score: ____ out of 5

    Answer key — for the teacher

    This starts a fresh printed page, so it can simply be left out of the copies.

    1B · 2B · 3B · 4B · 5A